Effects of Antioxidant Polyphenols on TNF-Alpha-Related Diseases
Oxidative stress and inflammatory responses sustained for a long period of time cause many diseases. A proinflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of chronic and autoimmune diseases. The present review, supplemented by
hitherto unpublished data of the authors and their coworkers, shows that the intake of polyphenols contained in natural sources, such as hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, oleuropein (olives), naringin and hesperidin (Citrus fruits), resveratrol, procyanidins or oligomeric procyanidin (grapes or grape
seed extracts), (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (green tea) and quercetin (grapes, green tea) etc., are able to modulate chronic inflammatory diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and affect the formation and interaction of advanced glycation end
products with their respective receptors. Furthermore, potent activities of fermented grape marc, prepared as a fine lyophilized powder from fresh skin and seeds of a Japanese grape strain (Koshu) and then fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum, are described. Finally, the bioavailability
of representative polyphenols will be discussed.
Keywords: Flavonoids; Oxidative stress; TNF-alpha; chronic inflammatory diseases; fine lyophilized powder; flavonoid; inflammation; inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); obesity; polyphenols; rheumatoid arthritis (RA); tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α); type 2 diabetes
Document Type: Research Article
Publication date: 01 July 2011
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