Freeform Fabrication of Nano-Biomaterials Using 3D Electrohydrodynamic Print-Patterning

An electrohydrodynamic jet in conjunction with a computer-controlled collecting device has been used to form micro-scale structures. From a nano-scale particle suspension of a biomaterial a variety of patterning was produced in the x, y axis by the collection of fine droplets resulting from the jetting process. By over-printing these patterns repeatedly, whilst controlling the deposition in the z axis, structures can be formed to the desired height. The merits and limiting factors of this freeform fabrication method are discussed alongside some of the key developments and future aims in this area.