The importance of ethology for investigations of marine zooplankton–Keynote Address

During the past decade interest in the behavior of marine zooplankton, both in the laboratory and in the field, has grown rapidly. I review the history of field behavioral studies, emphasizing the subject of ethology and citing contributions from a variety of habitats and for a wide range of species. I cite several recent contributions to the behavior of marine plankton and comment on the difficulties and need for conducting ethological research at sea, illustrating the need for such research with selected examples of complex and unexpected behavior in diverse phyla of oceanic invertebrates.