Effects of Electric Field on Histopathological Study, Electrical Properties and Enzymes Function of Liver of Albino Rats

The present work was undertaken in order to investigate the effects of electric field (EF) of strength 50 Hz–3 KV/m on the histopathology, dielectric properties and liver function tests in albino rats. Fifty male albino rats were equally divided into three groups namely A, B, and C. Animals of group A used as control group which didn't receive any treatment. Animals of group B was divided into two subgroups namely B₁ and B₂ which were discretely exposed to 50 HZ, 3 KV/m electric field for a period of 15 day (8 hours/day, 5 day/week). Group B₂ animals were left to survive and housed at normal environmental conditions similar to control group A for a period of 15 day post exposed. Animals of group C are divided into two subgroups namely C₁ and C₂ were discretely exposed to the electric field for a period of 30 day (8 hours/day, 5 day/week). Group C₂ animals were left to survive and housed at normal environmental conditions similar to control group A for a period of 15 day post exposed. At the end of this period, blood and tissues samples were collected from all groups for experimental investigations. The dielectric constant (ε′), electrical conductivity (σ) was measured in frequency range 42 Hz–5 MHz to investigate any changes in liver structure through studding histopathological examination. Also, the liver function was studied through analysis of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvie transaminase (GPT) and total protein (TP) after exposure to electric field this biochemical parameters have been evaluated in the blood serum of rats. The obtained results show high significant changes in the value of ε′ and σ of liver tissues for all groups exposed to EF as compared with control group. The levels of GOT and GPT were increased up to four times their values during the period of exposure to EF. These variations were recovered during two week after stopping exposure but they did not return to its original control values before exposure. On microscopic level; liver histological observations in liver cells which revealed some alterations including hepatic tissue with two portal tracts showing mild florous expansion and a dilated central vein, also ghosts of hepatocytes denoting necrotic changes also shows hepatic tissue with dilated central veins engorged with blood and splitting out to adjacent hepatocytes.