Relationship between serum vitamin D concentrations and clinical outcome of community-acquired pneumonia
OBJECTIVE: To determine the burden of vitamin D deficiency in patients hospitalised with CAP and to investigate whether vitamin D deficiency affected clinical outcomes.
DESIGN: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels were measured at admission; vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25(OH)D <20 ng/ml. Data were retrospectively analysed for incidence of vitamin D deficiency. The primary outcome was the relationship between serum vitamin D concentration and 28-day all-cause mortality in CAP.
RESULTS: The mean age was 68.1 years (standard deviation [SD] ± 14.6), and the mean pneumonia severity index was 98.0 (±SD 28.6). Of the 797 patients (males 66.0%), 641 (80.4%) had vitamin D deficiency. Overall mean serum 25(OH)D level was 14.0 ± 7.4 ng/ml. The 28-day all-cause mortality rate in vitamin D-deficient patients was significantly higher than in non-deficient patients (8.3% vs. 2.6%, P = 0.01), and serum vitamin D level was negatively associated with risk of 28-day mortality in CAP after adjustment for pneumonia severity index and serum lactate levels (OR 0.94, 95%CI 0.90–0.99, P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was ~80% in patients hospitalised with CAP. Vitamin D deficiency was also a significant predictor of increased 28-day all-cause mortality.
Keywords: 25(OH)D; calcifediol; pneumonia severity index; vitamin D deficiency
Document Type: Research Article
Affiliations: 1: Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea 2: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Regional Respiratory Center, Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea 3: Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Uijeongbu St Mary's Hospital, Uijeongbu, South Korea
Publication date: 01 June 2015
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