Seedborne fungal pathogens of jacaranda (Dalbergia nigra) tree
Seedborne fungal pathogens reduced seedling emergence and the quality of Dalbergia nigra seedlings in Brazil. Cladosporium cladosporioides, Colletotrichum crassipes, Fusarium semitectum, Phomopsis dalbergiae and Pestalotiopsis sp. were the only fungi consistently
isolated from seed samples obtained from a number of trees. Colonisation of both, pericarp and seed by these fungi starts soon after pod formation and continues to increase to pod maturity. Except for C. cladosporioides, all the other fungi were highly pathogenic to seeds and to seedlings,
causing seed rot, root rot and reduced seedling height and survival. The leaf spots of P. dalbergiae extended to the hypocotyl causing dieback, whereas those caused by C. crassipes remained restricted to leaves. Both the seedborne fungi also latently colonised the hypocotyl.
Foliar inoculation of seedlings with Pestalotiopsis sp. induced severe chlorosis and defoliation. The findings of this study explain the heavy losses suffered by nurserymen due to low quality seedlings. This is the first report on economic loss due to these fungi on this host.
Document Type: Research Article
Publication date: 01 July 2003
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