Cryopreservation of whole seeds and excised embryonic axes of Citrus suhuiensis cv. Limau Langkat in accordance to their desiccation sensitivity

Following the investigation of desiccation sensitivity and freezing tolerance of the whole seed of Citrus suhuiensis cv. limau langkat, desiccation sensitivity and cryopreservation of the excised embryonic axes from the seeds of the same species were examined. Three drying conditions were employed: desiccation by equilibrium for the whole seeds and desiccation in laminar airflow and over silica gel for the excised embryonic axes. The relevance of desiccation sensitivity (WC₅₀) to cryopreservation of whole seeds and excised axes was investigated. High desiccation tolerance (WC₅₀ = 0.034 g H₂O.g⁻¹dw) was acquired for axes desiccated with faster dehydration rate (1.5 g.g⁻¹.h⁻¹) in laminar airflow compared to substantially lower desiccation tolerance (WC₅₀ = 0.132 and 0.110 g H₂O.g⁻¹dw) acquired under slower dehydration rates (1.0 and 0.005 g.g⁻¹.h⁻¹) for axes desiccated over silica gel and whole seeds desiccated by equilibrium respectively. While few whole seeds (8.3%) survived freezing, high recovery percentages of axes (83.3% and 62.2%) after freezing were obtained under laminar airflow and silica gel drying conditions respectively. Irrespective of the drying method employed, axes survival percentages after exposure to LN temperature commensurate with the desiccation sensitivity pattern. For the whole seeds, a factor other than desiccation sensitivity that limits the tolerance to exposure to LN temperature seems to exist and still needs to be defined.