Nanoformulated Antimicrobial Agents for Central Nervous System Infections
Meningitis and encephalitis caused by bacteria and fungi are among the top 10 lethal types of infectious diseases. The treatment of brain infection is principally limited by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which restricts the entry of antimicrobial agents to the desired central nervous
system (CNS). To address this issue, many different nanoparticles conjugated with targeting ligands have been employed to increase CNS penetration of several antifungal drugs like amphotericin B and itraconazole. However, a wide spectrum of microorganisms have provoked the diseases, and some
have developed multidrug resistance to nearly all commercially available antibiotics. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design unconventional nanostructures that possess both novel biocidal modes and brain targeting property. This review focuses on classical nanocarriers enabling brain
delivery of loaded antibiotics as well as highlights recent progress in the fabrication of transactivator of transcription (TAT) peptide-containing nanoparticles to circumvent BBB and kill the pathogenic microbes in brain tissue. The later strategy, albeit imperfect, may allow nanoantibiotics
to target, diagnose and treat brain infection simultaneously in an unprecedented manner.
Keywords: Antibiotics; Blood-Brain Barrier; Drug Delivery; Liposomes; Micelles; Nanoparticles
Document Type: Research Article
Affiliations: 1: Department of Orthopaedics, First Hospital of Jilin University, 130021, China 2: School of Pharmacy, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia 3: Department of Neurology, Jiaozuo People Hospital, Henan Province, 454100, China 4: Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia
Publication date: 01 December 2017
- Journal for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (JNN) is an international and multidisciplinary peer-reviewed journal with a wide-ranging coverage, consolidating research activities in all areas of nanoscience and nanotechnology into a single and unique reference source. JNN is the first cross-disciplinary journal to publish original full research articles, rapid communications of important new scientific and technological findings, timely state-of-the-art reviews with author's photo and short biography, and current research news encompassing the fundamental and applied research in all disciplines of science, engineering and medicine.
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