Stable Cluster Based Data Gathering and Congestion Control Protocol for Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks

The use of sensor nodes is becoming popular in environmental and activity monitoring such as in pollution, traffic, temperature, parking space and even for crowd monitoring. Moreover there are power and time constraints and hence it is very difficult to collect data with maximum amount of information from the available resources. In MWSN, during routing, there may be increase in congestion level. Also it is required to automatically alter the traffic rate accordingly. In order to overcome these issues, a stable cluster based data gathering and congestion control protocol for mobile wireless sensor network is proposed. The main aim of this paper is to select the best Cluster Head (CH) with best sensor nodes by considering the parameters such as data utility, delivery utility, received signal strength indicator, link stability and the node speed. These metrics are used to select CH which is more energy efficient and reliable and can gather more information without creating any overhead in the network. The selected CHs proactively monitor the congestion within the cluster based on the parameters traffic intensity information, buffer occupancy and number of contenders. By simulation results, we show that the proposed protocol minimizes the energy consumption and packet drops while increasing the throughput and delivery ratio.