Evaluation of Electrochemical Parameters of Carbonic Acid Biosensor with the Aid of Multivariate Chemometric Analysis

The proposed work delineates the chemometric analysis of the developed ceria-polyaniline (CeO₂-PANI) core–shell nano-interface based carbonic anhydrase electrochemical biosensor for the detection of carbonic acid in human blood samples. The statistical methods inter-correlate the electrochemical parameters such as the amount of charge consumed (Q), electron transfer rate constant (K _s), cathodic peak current (I _pc), surface coverage (Γ), full width at half maximum of cathodic peak height (FWHM) with the added carbonic acid concentrations (S) to the 0.1 M phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4. Principal component and hierarchical cluster analysis show that FWHM and Ipc are influenced by S, whereas Q, Γ although being related to the substrate are not significantly influenced and K _s is independent of S. The linear regression, the higher-order polynomial and the nonlinear regression fits of current are single parameter dependent and they generally predict the carbonic acid concentrations with error. In this work, multiple linear regression model provides an equation for the estimation of carbonic acid concentration from the parameters FWHM and I _pc.