Helmand River Hydrologic Studies Using ALOS PALSAR InSAR and ENVISAT Altimetry
The Helmand River wetland represents the only fresh-water resource in southern Afghanistan and one of the least mapped water basins in the world. The relatively narrow wetland consists of mostly marshes surrounded by dry lands. In this study, we demonstrate the use of the Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) Interferometric SAR (InSAR) to detect the changes of the Helmand River wetland water level. InSAR images are combined with the geocentric water level measurements from the retracked high-rate (18-Hz) Environmental Satellite (Envisat) radar altimetry to construct absolute water level changes over the marshes. It is demonstrated that the integration of the altimeter and InSAR can provide spatio-temporal measurements of water level variation over the Helmand River marshes where in situ measurements are absent.
Keywords: Helmand River; InSAR; satellite altimetry; water level change
Document Type: Research Article
Affiliations: 1: U.S. Geological Survey, Vancouver, Washington, USA 2: School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA 3: Department of Geodesy and Photogrammetry, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey 4: Basic and Applied Research Office, InnoVision, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Publication date: 01 July 2009
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