@article {Eriksson:2006:0143-1161:1793, title = "Efficient forward modelling by matrix representation of sensor responses", journal = "International Journal of Remote Sensing", parent_itemid = "infobike://tandf/tres", publishercode ="tandf", year = "2006", volume = "27", number = "9", publication date ="2006-05-01T00:00:00", pages = "1793-1808", itemtype = "ARTICLE", issn = "0143-1161", eissn = "1366-5901", url = "https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/tandf/tres/2006/00000027/00000009/art00005", doi = "doi:10.1080/01431160500447254", author = "Eriksson, Patrick and Ekstr{\"o}m, Mattias and Melsheimer, Christian and Buehler, Stefan", abstract = "The polarization, frequency and spatial responses of the sensor can be considered by calculating the Stokes vector of monochromatic pencil beam radiances for a set of frequencies and viewing directions, and weight these radiances with the instrument responses. This paper presents a highly efficient solution for this calculation procedure. The basic idea is to precalculate a matrix that represents the mapping from polarisation, frequency and spatial values to measured data. Sensor impacts can then be included by a simple matrix multiplication. The full sensor matrix can be obtained by determining the response matrix for the sensor parts individually. Data reduction methods can also be incorporated. A simple method for optimizing the calculation grids is further presented. The described approach for sensor modeling has been implemented in two public available softwares for atmospheric radiative transfer simulations.", }