@article {Robertson:1999:0960-3123:85,
title = "Removal and destruction of intestinal parasitic protozoans by sewage treatment processes",
journal = "International Journal of Environmental Health Research",
parent_itemid = "infobike://tandf/cije",
publishercode ="tandf",
year = "1999",
volume = "9",
number = "2",
publication date ="1999-06-01T00:00:00",
pages = "85-96",
itemtype = "ARTICLE",
issn = "0960-3123",
eissn = "1369-1619",
url = "https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/tandf/cije/1999/00000009/00000002/art00001",
doi = "doi:10.1080/09603129973227",
keyword = "GIARDIA, PARASITIC PROTOZOA, OOCYSTS, CRYPTOSPORIDIUM, SEWAGE, ENTAMOEBA, SLUDGE",
author = "Robertson, L.J. and Smith, P.G. and Grimason, A.T. and Smith, H.V.",
abstract = "This paper reviews the literature which addresses the occurrence of intestinal protozoan parasites in sewage as well as the removal and destruction of these pathogens in sewage treatment processes. The concentration of intestinal protozoa within sewage depends upon the catchment; the prevalence and intensity of human infection within the catchment; the contribution of animal waste to the sewage and the prevalence and intensity of animal infection within the catchment. Some research indicates that some sewage treatment processes may result in relatively high removal efficiencies of some intestinal protozoa, whereas other data indicate that the concentration of cysts and oocysts discharged in sewage effluent may be in the order of several thousand per litre. For some protozoan parasites, such as Cyclospora, Microsporidia and Isospora, knowledge is scarce on the potential importance of sewage in their transmission and their likely removal and destruction by sewage treatment processes.",
}