@article {Khalifeh:2015:0954-0105:293,
title = "Small intestine mucosal immune system response to high-fat-high-cholesterol dietary supplementation in male rats",
journal = "Food and Agricultural Immunology",
parent_itemid = "infobike://tandf/cfai",
publishercode ="tandf",
year = "2015",
volume = "26",
number = "2",
publication date ="2015-03-04T00:00:00",
pages = "293-304",
itemtype = "ARTICLE",
issn = "0954-0105",
eissn = "1465-3443",
url = "https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/tandf/cfai/2015/00000026/00000002/art00013",
doi = "doi:10.1080/09540105.2014.914467",
keyword = "cytokines, intestinal, immunomodulating, cholesterol",
author = "Khalifeh and Awaisheh and Alameri and Hananeh",
abstract = "The immune effects of high-fat-high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet supplementation were investigated in SpragueDawley male rats. The rats were administered HFHC for 8 weeks via oral gavage. Two control groups received either a normal rat diet (NRD) or skim milk along with NRD. The levels
of interleukin (IL)-1, IL-10 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)- were assessed, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, in the ileum, the mesenteric lymph node (MLN), and the splenic tissue homogenates, and in blood. Histopathological examination of the intestinal
tissues was performed and showed no abnormalities among groups. An HFHC supplementation resulted in a significant increment in the levels of IL-1 and IL-10 in the intestinal tissues. TNF- concentration was only changed in MLN tissue homogenates where it was downregulated
after HFHC treatment. No other changes were reported in the spleen tissue homogenate and serum. The cytokine concentrations proposed using HFHC diet as a safe immune manipulator for gastrointestinal mucosal surfaces.",
}