Hypoglycemic effects of aqueous persimmon leaf extract in a murine model of diabetes

Previously, powdered persimmon leaves have been reported to have glucose and lipidlowering effects in diabetic (db/db) mice. As persimmon leaf is commonly consumed as tea, an aqueous extract of persimmon leaves (PLE) was prepared and its antidiabetic efficacy was investigated. In the present study, PLE was tested for its inhibitory activity on αglucosidase in vitro. An oral maltose tolerance test was performed in diabetic mice. Next, the acute effect of PLE was examined in streptozotocininduced diabetic mice. Last, the longterm effect of PLE supplementation was assessed in db/db after eight weeks. An oral glucose tolerance test, biochemical parameters, as well as histological analyses of liver and pancreas were evaluated at the end of the study. PLE inhibited αglucosidase activity and increased antioxidant capacity. Streptozotocininduced diabetic mice pretreated with PLE displayed hypoglycemic activity. Daily oral supplementation with PLE for eight weeks reduced body weight gain without affecting food intake, enhanced the glucose tolerance during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), improved blood lipid parameters, suppressed fat accumulation in the liver and maintained islet structure in db/db mice. Further mechanistic study showed that PLE protected pancreatic islets from glucotoxicity. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicated that PLE exhibits considerable antidiabetic effects through αglucosidase inhibition and through the maintenance of functional βcells. These results provided a rationale for the use of persimmon leaf tea for the maintenance of normal blood glucose levels in diabetic patients.