The effect and mechanisms of implementation intentions on prospective memory in individuals with and without schizotypal personality features
Prospective memory (PM) refers to remembering to do something at a future time. Studies have shown that implementation intention can improve PM performance. The present study aimed to examine the effect and mechanism of implementation intention on PM in individuals prone for schizotypal
personality disorder (SPD proneness) in a laboratory condition. A total of 51 participants with SPD proneness and 51 controls were administered a PM task. They were further randomly assigned to an implementation intention condition and a typical instruction condition. All participants completed
the PM task with low and high cognitive load conditions. The results showed that implementation intention improved PM performances in both SPD prone and control groups, indicating that implementation intention was an effective strategy for improving PM performance. However, the mechanisms
were different for the two groups. For controls, implementation intention did not affect their cognitive resources allocation strategy. Participants with SPD proneness allocated significantly more cognitive resources to the PM task in the implementation intention condition.
Keywords: Implementation intention; Prospective memory; Schizotypal personality proneness
Document Type: Research Article
Affiliations: 1: Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 2: Department of Youth Work, China Youth University for Political Sciences, Beijing, China 3: National Institute of Education Sciences, Beijing, China 4: Behavioural Basis of Health Program, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
Publication date: 19 May 2014
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