
Smart cities in perspective – a comparative European study by means of self-organizing maps
Cities form the heart of a dynamic society. In an open space-economy cities have to mobilize all of their resources to remain attractive and competitive. Smart cities depend on creative and knowledge resources to maximize their innovation potential. This study offers a comparative analysis
of nine European smart cities on the basis of an extensive database covering two time periods. After conducting a principal component analysis, a new approach, based on a self-organizing map analysis, is adopted to position the various cities under consideration according to their selected
“smartness” performance indicators.
Keywords: cities' performance; concentration; creative cities; geographic knowledge spillovers; location; proximity externalities; self-organizing maps; smart cities; urbanization
Document Type: Research Article
Affiliations: Department of Spatial Economics,VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Publication date: June 1, 2012
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