Application of Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model in Predicting Pregnancy Complication Preventive Behaviors: Evidence from East Java, Indonesia

Objective: Complications during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum can have long-term effects, contributing to maternal and infant mortality. In this study, we examined the impact of the Information-Motivation-Behavior (IMB) Skills Model on preventive behavior among postpartum mothers at risk of complications and depression. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, we sampled 300 pregnant women selected using a cluster random sampling technique in Ponorogo Regency, Indonesia. The dependent variable was preventive behavior. The independent variables were information, motivation, and behavioral skills. We analyzed data using path analysis. Results: Preventive behavior in addressing pregnancy complications and postpartum depression is directly influenced by the behavioral skills (b = 0.15; 95% CI = 0.12, 0.27; p = .025), knowledge about pregnancy complications and postpartum depression (b = 0.22; 95% CI = 0.10, 0.34; p < .001), and motivation to engage in preventive behavior (b = 0.19; 95% CI = 0.08, 0.30; p = .001). Educational level positively affects pregnant women’s knowledge (b = 0.16; 95% CI = 0.05, 0.27; p = .003); women with an education level of senior high school or beyond have a better understanding of preventive behavior (b = 0.16; 95% CI = 0.05, 0.27; p = .003). Motivation is negatively influenced by parity (b = −0.14; 95% CI = −0.25, −0.03; p = .011). Conclusion: The IMB Skills Model is effective for predicting preventive behavior toward pregnancy complications and postpartum depression.