Schwellenwerte der Landschaftszerschneidung Schwellenwerte der Landschaftszerschneidung
German
Landscape fragmentation adversely affects wildlife populations by reducing the amount and quality of habitat, increasing the number and strength of barriers to movement, enhancing mortality due to collisions with vehicles, and breaking up the remaining habitat into smaller pieces. All four mechanisms exhibit critical thresholds, below which the population is prone to a much higher risk of extinction. However, empirical determination of these thresholds in real landscapes (e.g., by using molecular-genetic methods) is very difficult due to long time lags in population reactions ("extinction debt"), and due to many confounding ecological variables. As a consequence, better policies, decisionmaking procedures, and planning tools are needed that are based on the precautionary principle and on prospective simulation models, e.g., quantitative environmental standards limiting the degree of landscape fragmentation and precautionary assessment criteria.
Keywords: BARRIER EFFECT; CONNECTIVITY; DEMOGRAPHIC STOCHASTICITY; EXTINCTION THRESHOLDS; GENE FLOW; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; INBREEDING; LANDSCAPE FRAGMENTATION; MINIMUM VIABLE POPULATION SIZE; POPULATION PERSISTENCE; POPULATION VIABILITY ANALYSIS (PVA); ROADS; TRAFFIC MORTALITY
Language: German
Document Type: Research Article
Publication date: 01 June 2005
GAIA is a peer-reviewed inter- and transdisciplinary journal for scientists and other interested parties concerned with the causes and analyses of environmental and sustainability problems and their solutions.
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