@article {Ickrath:2017::e139,
title = "Characterization of T-cell subpopulations in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis",
journal = "",
parent_itemid = "",
publishercode ="",
year = "2017",
volume = "8",
number = "3",
publication date ="2017-10-01T00:00:00",
pages = "e139-e147",
itemtype = "ARTICLE",
url = "https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ocean/rhino/2017/00000008/00000003/art00005",
doi = "doi:10.2500/ar.2017.8.0214",
keyword = "T cell subpopulations, chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps, memory T cells, Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, human leukocyte antigen‐antigen D related, regulatory T cells, CD4+ T cells, Forkhead box protein 3, conventional T cells, CD8+ T cells",
author = "Ickrath, Pascal and Kleinsasser, Norbert and Ding, Xin and Ginzkey, Christian and Beyersdorf, Niklas and Hagen, Rudolf and Kerkau, Thomas and Hackenberg, Stephan",
abstract = "
Background:
There is an ongoing discussion concerning the potential origins of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). 
Objective:
The aim of this study was to quantify subpopulations of T cells in peripheral blood and nasal polyps in CRSwNP
to examine their influence on the etiology of this disease. 
Methods:
Tissue and blood samples were collected from 11 patients who underwent nasal sinus surgery, and these samples were analyzed by multicolor flow cytometry. 
Results:
There was a significantly
lower frequency of CD4+ T-helper (Th) cells and a significantly higher frequency of CD8+ T cells among lymphocytes isolated from nasal polyps compared with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). In both T-cell subpopulations, a shift mainly from naive T cells among
peripheral blood lymphocytes toward an effector memory and terminally differentiated subtype predominance in nasal polyps was observed. Among CD4+ T cells, the frequencies of cluster of differentiation (CD) 45RA- Forkhead-Box-Protein P3high (FoxP3high) cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated
Protein 4high (CTLA-4high) activated regulatory T (Treg) cells, and CD45RA- Forkhead-Box-Protein P3low (FoxP3low) memory T cells were significantly increased in nasal polyps compared with PBMC. 
Conclusion:
In this study, we presented a detailed
characterization of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subpopulations in patients with CRSwNP. CD8+ T cells were more prominent in nasal polyps than in CD4+ T cells. Both nasal CD8+ T cells and CD4+ T cells predominantly had an effector memory
phenotype. Among CD4+ T cells, activated Treg cells were increased in nasal polyps compared with PBMC. The data point toward a local regulation of T-cell composition within the microenvironment of nasal polyps, which might be further exploited in the future to develop
novel immunotherapeutic strategies.",
}