@article {Siapka:2020:1027-3719:802,
title = "Cost of tuberculosis treatment in low- and middle-income countries: systematic review and meta-regression",
journal = "The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease",
parent_itemid = "infobike://iuatld/ijtld",
publishercode ="iuatld",
year = "2020",
volume = "24",
number = "8",
publication date ="2020-08-01T00:00:00",
pages = "802-810",
itemtype = "ARTICLE",
issn = "1027-3719",
eissn = "1815-7920",
url = "https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/iuatld/ijtld/2020/00000024/00000008/art00009",
doi = "doi:10.5588/ijtld.19.0694",
keyword = "tuberculosis, cost, systematic review, LMIC, first-line treatment",
author = "Siapka, M. and Vassall, A. and Cunnama, L. and Pineda, C. and Cerecero, D. and Sweeney, S. and Bautista-Arredondo, S. and Bollinger, L. and Cameron, D. and Levin, C. and Gomez, G. B.",
abstract = "
BACKGROUND: Despite a scarcity of tuberculosis (TB) cost data, a substantial body of evidence has been accumulating for drug-susceptible TB (DS-TB) treatment. In this study, we review unit costs for DS-TB treatment from a provider\textasciiacutes perspective. We also examine factors
driving cost variations and extrapolate unit costs across low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
METHODS: We searched published and grey literature for any empirically collected TB cost estimates. We selected a subgroup of estimates looking at DS-TB treatment. We extracted information
on activities and inputs included. We standardised costs into an average per person-month, fitted a multi-level regression model and cross-validated country-level predictions. We then extrapolated estimates for facility-based, directly observed DS-TB treatment across countries.
RESULTS:
We included 95 cost estimates from 28 studies across 17 countries. Costs predictions were sensitive to characteristics such as delivery mode, whether hospitalisation was included, and inputs accounted for, as well as gross domestic product per capita. Extrapolation results are presented with
uncertainty intervals (UIs) for LMICs. Predicted median costs per 6 months of treatment were US$315.30 (95% CI US$222.60US$417.20) for low-income, US$527.10 (95% CI US$395.70US$743.70) for lower middle-income and US$896.40 (95%
CI US$654.00US$1214.40) for upper middle-income countries.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides country-level DS-TB treatment cost estimates suitable for priority setting. These estimates, while not standing as a substitute for local high-quality primary data, can
inform global, regional and national exercises.",
}