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HIV infection and unknown HIV status among tuberculosis patients in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar and Web of Science electronic databases. Heterogeneity of the included studies was checked using the I 2 statistic and publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger's regression statistical test. We employed a random-effects model to determine the pooled prevalence of HIV infection and unknown HIV status. A sensitivity analysis was also conducted to examine the effect of possible outliers on the overall estimate.
RESULTS: The prevalence of HIV infection among TB patients and the proportion of TB patients with unknown HIV status was respectively 23.4% (95%CI 19.6–27.2) and 6.4% (95%CI 1.7–11.0). Based on geographical location, the prevalence of HIV infection was 31.4% (95%CI 19.2–43.6) in Amhara Region, 23.2% (95%CI 9.9–36.5) in Oromia, 20.9% (95%CI 17.8–24.0) in Addis Ababa and 16.5% (95%CI 12.0–21.0) in Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples' Region (SNNPR).
CONCLUSION: In Ethiopia, almost one in four TB patients is infected with HIV. Given the epidemiological variation of Ethiopia, responsive, integrated sustainable programmes for HIV and TB are essential to minimise the epidemics of HIV infection and TB.
Keywords: Ethiopia; TB; human immunodeficiency virus infection
Document Type: Research Article
Affiliations: 1: Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing 2: Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences 3: Department of Medical Immunology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia 4: University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
Publication date: 01 February 2019
The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IJTLD) is for clinical research and epidemiological studies on lung health, including articles on TB, TB-HIV and respiratory diseases such as COVID-19, asthma, COPD, child lung health and the hazards of tobacco and air pollution. Individuals and institutes can subscribe to the IJTLD online or in print – simply email us at [email protected] for details.
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