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- Volume 15, Issue 1, 2016
International Journal of Technology Management & Sustainable Development - Volume 15, Issue 1, 2016
Volume 15, Issue 1, 2016
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It’s not STI: It’s ITS – the Role of Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) in Africa’s Development Strategy
Authors: Norman Clark and Andy FrostAbstractThis article argues that the use of the term ‘science, technology and innovation’ (STI) as a proxy for innovative activity is not only conceptually wrong, it is also misleading. This is particularly an issue in policy analysis for low-income countries (LICs) where it tends to support resource allocation to scientific institutions at the expense of more relevant development interventions affecting the economy as a whole. The article focuses on recent sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) regional science policy initiatives and uses a relevant Department for International Development (DFID) aid programme to provide empirical support.
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Mapping stakeholder positions in the Kenyan land reform process
More LessAbstractThe debate on land reform in sub-Saharan Africa has moved from the purpose and direction of reforms to the reasons why proposed reforms are not being implemented. The literature shows that one of the reasons for failure to implement reforms is conflicting stakeholder interests. This article proposes stakeholder analysis as a management tool that may be used to solve this problem. It goes ahead to apply the tool as a demonstration of how stakeholder analysis can resolve some of the conflicts involving stakeholder actions. These include a multi-level mapping of stakeholder characteristics for the land reform process in Kenya, a tri-attribute mapping of stakeholder characteristics, and a stakeholder mapping according to the six generic management strategies. This would help the implementing agency in carrying out the reform process successfully in Kenya.
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Technology intensity and outward foreign direct investment from the Indian manufacturing sector: A firm-level analysis
By Swati MehtaAbstractOutward foreign investment from developing countries is not a new phenomenon. But its magnitude has increased in recent years. It was found that around 19% of FDI emanated from developing countries during the period 2011–2013. The share of outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) from India also increased from 0.01% during 1980–1982 to 0.48% during 2011–2013. As a percentage of GDP, OFDI from India was 0.37%, which increased to 5.68% in 2010 and to 6.23% in 2013. Thus, the aim of this article is to present the overall pattern and trend of OFDI from India. Second, the article tried to examine the factors that determine OFDI from different technology-intensive – high-technology (HT) and low-technology (LT) – industries from a developing country, India. To this end, two manufacturing industries – pharmaceuticals from among HT industries and metals and metal products from the LT subgroup – were chosen. Using firm-level data, the logit model was used to examine the effect of variables like imports, exports, sales, technology, etc. on OFDI. It was found that sales, followed by exports, investment in R&D and outsourced jobs in decreasing order of magnitude, has a prominent impact in determining the choice of OFDI for firms from pharmaceuticals industries, whereas sales and exports has a significant impact in determining the probability of OFDI from firms belonging to the metals and metal products industries. Thus, it could be inferred that the liberal policies since the 1990s, and more so after 2000, towards foreign investment by Indian firms have made more and more Indian firms multinational.
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R&D Intensity: An empirical analysis of its relation to the structure of the manufacturing sector in OECD countries
More LessAbstractThe R&D Intensity indicator (RI) is widely used by analysts and policy-makers as a proxy of a country’s commitment to research and development (R&D), for international comparisons, and for goal setting. However, many researchers believe that this indicator reflects not only R&D commitment but also the industrial structure in which R&D was carried out. It is believed that calculating a separate RI for each industrial class will reveal a more representative indication of the focus of a country in that particular class. In this study, the disaggregated R&D Intensity was named ‘Class-RI’. Validation-type analyses were conducted on Class-RI to find out whether it is associated with a logical economic output indicator such as the Value Added to production. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of the disaggregated indicator and revealed partially promising results that can support its use in future research.
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The application of Ramsey model to the Algerian economy
Authors: Achour Tani Yamna and Cuong Le VanAbstractThis article discusses the optimal growth of a developing country rich in natural resources. The Ramsey model aims at identifying the paths of optimal growth arising from the conjunction of agents’ preferences, technical possibilities and the initial endowment of production factors. The choice of this model appears to be more intuitive and preferable for a first approach since it teaches capital accumulation and consumption. We must know what the economic agents will consume and what they will add to the capital stock for the future. The objective is to maximize social welfare at every point in time by determining an optimal consumption path that takes into account the characteristics of the economy. One of the main results of the Ramsey model is that any optimal path converges to a steady state.
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Volumes & issues
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Volume 22 (2023 - 2024)
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Volume 21 (2022)
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Volume 20 (2021)
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Volume 19 (2020)
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Volume 18 (2019)
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Volume 17 (2018)
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Volume 16 (2017)
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Volume 15 (2016)
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Volume 14 (2015)
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Volume 13 (2014)
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Volume 12 (2013)
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Volume 11 (2012)
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Volume 10 (2011 - 2012)
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Volume 9 (2010 - 2011)
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Volume 8 (2009)
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Volume 7 (2008)
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Volume 6 (2007)
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Volume 5 (2005 - 2006)
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Volume 4 (2005)
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Volume 3 (2004)
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Volume 2 (2003 - 2004)
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Volume 1 (2002)