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- Volume 7, Issue 1, 2016
International Journal of Digital Television - Volume 7, Issue 1, 2016
Volume 7, Issue 1, 2016
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The public interest and Mongolian digital television transition
More LessAbstractSince 2010 Mongolian television has been in transition from analogue to digital. This article introduces the process of digital transition of television, and then discusses challenges television stations face in terms of the audio-visual market and policies. The Mongolian media market has structural constraints typical to those in the small media states. In addition, new challenges like the financial dependency on the mining sector tax, an unsustainable number of politically affiliated commercial television stations, and the remnants of socialist institutional routines in media organizations also shape the television sector in Mongolia. The study also explores the state of public interest media services and opportunities due to the increasing convergence of television with the Internet. The arguments are built based on an analyses of existing legal and market studies, and in-depth interview data with professionals representing media, government and civil society institutions in Mongolia.
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The EU Digital Single Market as a mission impossible: Audio-visual policy conflicts for Estonia
By Indrek IbrusAbstractThe EU Commission has started to update its Audiovisual Media Services Directive (AVMSD) as part of its larger push to implement its Digital Single Market (DSM) Strategy. It is expected that this will not be just a light fix for some of the ‘bugs’ in the regulation, but a major overhaul motivated by the significant changes in media systems related mostly to media convergence and globalization. In this context this article offers a small country’s view of these processes. It demonstrates in detail how Estonia, a very small country on the EU periphery, is challenged by the need to develop its positions with regard to the complex processes at the EU level. It discusses the ‘impossible conflicts’ that it encounters when trying to articulate its media policies and EU strategies. It also describes the complexities of developing media policy in a country where different government institutions are shaped by different ideological frameworks, and therefore have different policy goals; and how cultural policy goals tend to be sacrificed when they are in conflict with various techno-economic imperatives.
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Audio-visual regulation transition in Israel: A view from within
Authors: Amit M. Schejter and Noam TiroshAbstractThe Israeli Minister of Communications appointed on 4 February 2014 a tenmember expert committee to propose a regulatory framework for the future of commercial television (broadcast and cable) in light of the imminent introduction of over the top (OTT) audio-visual services. In this study, the authors describe the process influencing the committee’s final report. By comparing between the committee’s interim report and its final report, the study sheds light on the way regulation is designed in an era of transition. The reader will find in this study a detailed description of the different actors’ responses to new regulation proposals and will have the opportunity to observe how and if these reactions influenced the work of public servants.
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BBC News – creating audience in the digital era
Authors: Andy Fox and Bianca MituAbstractThis article will examine how a public service broadcaster, specifically the BBC, delivers news content to its audience across multiple media platforms. Rather than looking at how the audience responds to media texts, this article will take the opposite standpoint by addressing the following question: How does the BBC build its audience on a platform-by-platform basis? To answer this key question we compared news outputs on the three platforms offered by the BBC: web, television and radio. A sample was compiled based on the top stories that appeared at a specific time of day over a month in early 2015. The results suggest that there is no significant difference in establishing news agendas through a digitally converged media landscape. In fact the three platforms analysed do not take media convergence into account when delivering news content.
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The impact of DTT in the willingness to pay for TV in Spain
Authors: Mercedes Medina, Mónica Herrero and Cristina EtayoAbstractThe analogue switchover took place in Spain in April 2010, with the subsequent increase in the number of available channels for the citizens. New suppliers of audio-visual contents have appeared and a mixture of pay-services and free ones are competing. The aim of this article is to analyse the influence of socio-demographic variables in the subscription to television services before and after the full implementation of digital terrestrial television. Moreover, we will explore the possible relations between socio-demographic variables and reasons to subscribe. The theoretical framework is based on the nature of pay television as a media product and the audience satisfaction and willingness to pay for television. In order to contextualize the Spanish market in a broader international perspective, we provide some comparative aspects of the digital television developments in other European countries. The data for the empirical analysis of the willingness to pay for television contents in Spain come from two original surveys conducted in 2008 and 2012 and the sample size was 1000 individuals.
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Public or state owned? The Brazilian Company of Communications (EBC) in the context of the democratization of the media in Brazil
More LessAbstractIn 2007, President Luiz Inácio ‘Lula’ da Silva founded the Brazilian Company of Communications (Empresa Brasil de Comunicação – EBC), sparking a debate around the concept of public service broadcasting in the country: is the EBC truly public or is it state owned? And, more importantly, how can it contribute to the democratization of communication in Brazil? Supported by the company’s own publicly available documents, as well as studies of the Brazilian legislation, I offer an answer to the question posed above by analysing the EBC in light of three analytical categories: programming and national mission; organizational structure and level of autonomy; and editorial independence. These categories were developed based on reputable international sources and focusing on diverse aspects, ranging from the editorial line to the administrative structure. With this article, I hope to give my own contribution to the important discussion around the nature of public service broadcasting in developing democratic countries like Brazil, where other models than the ones known in Europe for public service broadcasting are being implemented or changed to fit these countries’ specific realities.
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Audience measurement of digital TV
By John CareyAbstractThis article assesses the current state of digital TV audience measurement and considers the case for government regulation of TV audience measurement systems and companies. It relies on existing scholarship and the author’s ethnographic research in TV households. The analysis is placed in the context of how people actually watch TV and the evolution of TV audience measurement systems. Current patterns of digital TV consumption create many challenges for accurate measurement, including device shifting, place shifting and time shifting. Social media analytics and cross platform measurement are new components in comprehensive digital TV audience measurement, but both are works in progress. Government regulation of TV audience measurement systems and companies does not appear justified. Industry self regulation, accreditation by a private ratings agency and advanced research by university and industry groups appear more suited to meeting the many challenges and opportunities in digital TV audience measurement.
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Reviews
Authors: Maria Michalis, Stephen Lax and Stephen D. McDowellAbstractPost-Tv: Piracy, Cord-Cutting and the Future of Television, Michael Strangelove (2015) Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 347 pp., ISBN: 978-1442614529, p/bk, £18.99
Digital Broadcasting: An Introduction to New Media, Jo Pierson and Joke Bauwens (2015) Bloomsbury: New York, 176 pp., ISBN: 978-1847887412, p/bk, £34.95
Distribution Revolution: Conversations about the Digital Future of Film and Television, Michael Curtin, Jenifer Holt and Kevin Sanson (2014) Oakland: University of California Press, 260 pp., ISBN: 978-0520283251, p/bk, $29.95
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