Proceedings of IASS Annual Symposia
ISSN 2518-6582 (Online)


The Proceedings of IASS Annual Symposia include the articles presented at each symposium. They are grouped by thematic sessions. These limited-length conference papers are reviewed and selected by the Scientific or Technical Committee of each symposium, and generally only those actually presented orally at the conference are included. Although the metadata for the papers is available to the public, only members of the IASS can view the full papers, for which the author(s) hold the copyright. Further information about the projects or research should be sought from the author(s).
Publisher: International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures (IASS)
256 conference sessions
are available
- Volume 2023
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Hangai Prize Papers
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Active bending
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Additive manufacturing/ 3D printing
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Architectural geometry
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Bamboo for sustainable construction and quality of life improvement
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Computational form-finding
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Construction techniques
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Deployable and inflatable structures
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Design Competition (WG21)
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Digital modelling and fabrication
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Dynamic response of structures
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Graphical methods
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Gridshell and lattice structures
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Historical structures
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Life-cycle design and assessment of structures
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Metal gridshell structures, connections and stability
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Methods and construction technologies for sustainable shell structures
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Next generation parametric design
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Numerical methods for geometry, form-finding and optimisation of lightweight structures
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Optimisation methods and applications
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Origami
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Other
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Teaching
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Tensegrity systems and cable structures
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Tension and membrane structures
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Timber and bio-based structures
- IASS 2023 Melbourne Symposium: Topology Optimisation
- Volume 2022
- IASS/APCS 2022 Beijing Symposium: Snow and Ice Engineering
- IASS/APCS 2022 Beijing Symposium: Aluminum Alloy Structure
- IASS/APCS 2022 Beijing Symposium: Disaster Mitigation, Wind and Earthquake Effects
- IASS/APCS 2022 Beijing Symposium: Innovation in New Concepts and Projects
- IASS/APCS 2022 Beijing Symposium: Advanced Manufacturing and Materials/ 3D-Printing and Molding
- IASS/APCS 2022 Beijing Symposium: Teaching of Shell and Spatial Structures Facilitating Innovation, Sustainability and Legacy
- IASS/APCS 2022 Beijing Symposium: Life-Cycle Design and Assessment of Shell and Spatial Structures
- IASS/APCS 2022 Beijing Symposium: Sustainable Heritage Challenges and Strategies in the Preservation and Conservation of 20th Century Historic Concrete Shells
- IASS/APCS 2022 Beijing Symposium: Structural Morphology
- IASS/APCS 2022 Beijing Symposium: Next Generation Parametric Design
- IASS/APCS 2022 Beijing Symposium: Timber and Bio-based Concepts for Sustainable Innovation in Construction
- IASS/APCS 2022 Beijing Symposium: Metal Grid Structures Connections, and Stability
- IASS/APCS 2022 Beijing Symposium: Dynamic Response of Metal Spatial Structures
- IASS/APCS 2022 Beijing Symposium: Retractable Membrane Tension Structures
- IASS/APCS 2022 Beijing Symposium: Retractable Cable Tension Structures
- IASS/APCS 2022 Beijing Symposium: Future Challenges in the Design and Construction of Shell Structures for Low or Zero Carbon
- IASS/APCS 2022 Beijing Symposium: Masts and Towers
- Volume 2020
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Hangai prize lectures
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: WG21: Design competition
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Transformable structures (IASS WG 15)
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: The future of structural design - symbiosis in architecture and structural engineering
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Tension and membrane structures: Recent developments in and around the United Kingdom
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Tactile strategies for teaching spatial structures (IASS WG 20)
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Shell structures
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Origami
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Optimisation methods for analysis and design of roof structures (IASS WG 13)
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Optimisation
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Novel analysis and construction techniques
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Next generation parametric design (WG13)
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Metal gridshell structures, connections, and stability (IASS WG 8)
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Life-cycle design and assessment of structures (IASS WG 18)
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Innovative engineering
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: High-performance membrane buildings and challenges
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Graphic statics
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Formian in the design activity of architects and engineers
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Dynamic response of metal spatial structures (IASS WG 8)
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Design and realisation case studies
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Deployable, foldable and tensegrity structures
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Conservation and preservation of 20th century historic concrete shells (IASS WG 5)
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Conceptual design
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Computational form-finding methods and morphology
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Bridge structures
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Bio-based concepts inspiring the spatial structures and architecture of the next generation (IASS WG 12)
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Bamboo structures
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Advanced manufacturing techniques
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: Active bending
- IASS 2020/21 Surrey Symposium: 21st century fabrication and construction of shells (IASS WG 5)
- Volume 2019
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Hangai Prize Papers
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Contributions in Memory of David P. Billington
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Contributions in Memory of Mike Barnes
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Shell Structures
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Structural Membranes - Design, Detailing, Installation, Realizations
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Structural Membranes - Inflatable Structures
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Structural Membranes - Materials
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Metal Spatial Structures - Design, Detailing and Realizations
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Metal Spatial Structures - Stability and Dynamic Response
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Timber and Bio-based Structures
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Glass Structures
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Computational Methods
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Form-finding and Optimization
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Parametric Design
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Structural Morphology
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Deployable and Adaptive Systems
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Origami and Folded Systems
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Graphic Statics
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Elastic Gridshells and Bending Active Systems
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Historical Structures
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Tensegrity Systems
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Environmental Compatibilty and Life-Cycle of Structures
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Teaching and Education
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Advanced Manufacturing and Non-conventional Materials
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Form and Force Expo Pavillions
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Analysis and Design
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Wind Engineering and Fluid-Structure Interaction
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Design Projects
- IASS 2019 Barcelona Symposium: Realizations, Case Studies
- Volume 2018
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Hangai Prize Papers
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Kenneth Snelson Memorial
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Waclaw Zalewski Memorial
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Shell structures
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Tension and membrane structures
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Metal gridshell structures, connections and stability
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Dynamic response of metal spatial structures
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Lightweight structures
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Timber spatial structures
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Computational methods
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Structural Morphology: History, current focus and future challenges
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Structural origami
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Graphic statics
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Active bending: New hybrids
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Transformables
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Construction-aware structural design
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Historical spatial structures
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Environmentally compatible structures
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Education of architecture and technology
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Advanced manufacturing and materials
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Reimagining material and design
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: 3D-printed concrete structures
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Safety and reliability in structural design
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Structure as architecture and art
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Structural innovation through interdisciplinary collaboration
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Horizontal spanning systems
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Approaches for conceptual structural design
- IASS 2018 Boston Symposium: Extraplanetary architecture
- Volume 2017
- IASS 2017 Hamburg Symposium: Hangai Prize Presentations
- IASS 2017 Hamburg Symposium: Pecha Kucha: Lightning Presentations on Diverse Topics
- IASS 2017 Hamburg Symposium: Memorial Session for Klaus Linkwitz
- IASS 2017 Hamburg Symposium: Memorial Session for Wilfried B. Kraetzig: Cooling and Solar Updraft Towers
- IASS 2017 Hamburg Symposium: Analysis & Design for Severe Conditions & Disasters
- IASS 2017 Hamburg Symposium: 21st Century Tension & Membrane Structures
- IASS 2017 Hamburg Symposium: Analysis and Design of Reticulated Shells Against Severe External Disturbance
- IASS 2017 Hamburg Symposium: Timber Gridshells and Bio-based Structures
- IASS 2017 Hamburg Symposium: Computational Optimization Approaches to Analysis & Design
- IASS 2017 Hamburg Symposium: Computational Design
- IASS 2017 Hamburg Symposium: Active Bending Structures
- IASS 2017 Hamburg Symposium: Deployable Structures & Origami
- IASS 2017 Hamburg Symposium: Graphic Statics
- IASS 2017 Hamburg Symposium: Historic Shell & Spatial Structures
- IASS 2017 Hamburg Symposium: Environmentally Compatible Structures
- IASS 2017 Hamburg Symposium: Teaching of Shell & Spatial Structures
- IASS 2017 Hamburg Symposium: Computational Methods
- IASS 2017 Hamburg Symposium: Conceptual & Structural Design
- IASS 2017 Hamburg Symposium: Advanced Manufacturing
- IASS 2017 Hamburg Symposium: Digital Technologies for Spatial Structures
- IASS 2017 Hamburg Symposium: Membrane Structures, Inflatables & Tensegrity
- IASS 2017 Hamburg Symposium: Gridshells
- IASS 2017 Hamburg Symposium: Concrete Light: Innovative Concrete Constructions
- IASS 2017 Hamburg Symposium: Materials for Spatial Structures
- Volume 2016
- IASS 2016 Tokyo Symposium: Spatial Structures in the 21st Century - Plenary Lectures
- IASS 2016 Tokyo Symposium: Spatial Structures in the 21st Century – Hangai Prize Presentations
- IASS 2016 Tokyo Symposium: Spatial Structures in the 21st Century – Tension & Membrane Structures
- IASS 2016 Tokyo Symposium: Spatial Structures in the 21st Century – Metal Spatial Structures
- IASS 2016 Tokyo Symposium: Spatial Structures in the 21st Century – Timber Structures & Environmental Compatibility
- IASS 2016 Tokyo Symposium: Spatial Structures in the 21st Century – Bio-inspired Control of Structures
- IASS 2016 Tokyo Symposium: Spatial Structures in the 21st Century – Computational Methods
- IASS 2016 Tokyo Symposium: Spatial Structures in the 21st Century – Bending Active and Flexible Structures
- IASS 2016 Tokyo Symposium: Spatial Structures in the 21st Century – Graphic Statics
- IASS 2016 Tokyo Symposium: Spatial Structures in the 21st Century – Structural Morphology
- IASS 2016 Tokyo Symposium: Spatial Structures in the 21st Century – Origami
- IASS 2016 Tokyo Symposium: Spatial Structures in the 21st Century – Historical Structures
- IASS 2016 Tokyo Symposium: Spatial Structures in the 21st Century – Teaching Shell & Spatial Structures
- IASS 2016 Tokyo Symposium: Spatial Structures in the 21st Century – Conceptual Design
- IASS 2016 Tokyo Symposium: Spatial Structures in the 21st Century – Design for the 21st Century
- IASS 2016 Tokyo Symposium: Spatial Structures in the 21st Century – Form Finding & Optimization
- IASS 2016 Tokyo Symposium: Spatial Structures in the 21st Century – New Approaches, Materials & Construction Methods
- IASS 2016 Tokyo Symposium: Spatial Structures in the 21st Century – Projects & Construction
- IASS 2016 Tokyo Symposium: Spatial Structures in the 21st Century – Extreme Loads & Disasters
- IASS 2016 Tokyo Symposium: Spatial Structures in the 21st Century – Seismic Analysis, Behavior & Design
- IASS 2016 Tokyo Symposium: Spatial Structures in the 21st Century – Deployable Structures
- IASS 2016 Tokyo Symposium: Spatial Structures in the 21st Century – Shell Structures
- IASS 2016 Tokyo Symposium: Spatial Structures in the 21st Century – General: Towers & Temporary Structures; Preservation
- Volume 2015
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Plenary Lectures
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Hangai Prize Presentations
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – IASS 2015 Expo Pavillions
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Concrete Shell Roofs
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Membrane Structures
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Metal Spatial Structures
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Timber Spatial Structures
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Computational Morphogenesis
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Active Bending
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Computation and Geometry
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Graphic Computation
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Computational Design
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Teaching of Spatial Structures
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Historical Spatial Structures
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Form Finding
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Digital Architecture and Design
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Geometry
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Engineering
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Performance Aided Design
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Construction
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Building Information Modeling
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – ProRail Stations in The Netherlands
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Buildings and Bridges
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Cable and Grid Domes
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Tensegrity Structures
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Deployable and Adaptable Structures
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Materials: Lightweight Concrete and Glass
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Environmental Factors
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Earthquakes and Dynamics
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Emerging Technologies: 3D Printing and Robotics
- IASS 2015 Amsterdam Symposium: Future Visions – Symposium on Flexible Formwork (ISOFF 2015)
- Volume 2014
- IASS 2014 Brasilia Symposium: Shells, Membranes and Spatial Structures: Footprints – Plenary Lectures
- IASS 2014 Brasilia Symposium: Shells, Membranes and Spatial Structures: Footprints – Hangai Prize Presentations
- IASS 2014 Brasilia Symposium: Shells, Membranes and Spatial Structures: Footprints – Concrete Shell Roofs
- IASS 2014 Brasilia Symposium: Shells, Membranes and Spatial Structures: Footprints – Tension and Membrane Structures
- IASS 2014 Brasilia Symposium: Shells, Membranes and Spatial Structures: Footprints – Metal Spatial Structures
- IASS 2014 Brasilia Symposium: Shells, Membranes and Spatial Structures: Footprints – Timber Spatial Structures
- IASS 2014 Brasilia Symposium: Shells, Membranes and Spatial Structures: Footprints – Computational Methods
- IASS 2014 Brasilia Symposium: Shells, Membranes and Spatial Structures: Footprints – Structural Morphology 1: Design and Engineering Computing
- IASS 2014 Brasilia Symposium: Shells, Membranes and Spatial Structures: Footprints – Structural Morphology 2: Methods for Thin Shells
- IASS 2014 Brasilia Symposium: Shells, Membranes and Spatial Structures: Footprints – Structural Morphology 3: Morphology and Transformables
- IASS 2014 Brasilia Symposium: Shells, Membranes and Spatial Structures: Footprints – Historical Spatial Structures
- IASS 2014 Brasilia Symposium: Shells, Membranes and Spatial Structures: Footprints – Environmentally Compatible Structures
- IASS 2014 Brasilia Symposium: Shells, Membranes and Spatial Structures: Footprints – General 1: Technical Detailing
- IASS 2014 Brasilia Symposium: Shells, Membranes and Spatial Structures: Footprints – General 2: Structural Analysis and Design
- IASS 2014 Brasilia Symposium: Shells, Membranes and Spatial Structures: Footprints – General 3: Case Studies
- IASS 2014 Brasilia Symposium: Shells, Membranes and Spatial Structures: Footprints – General 4: Structural Stability
- IASS 2014 Brasilia Symposium: Shells, Membranes and Spatial Structures: Footprints – General 5: Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering
- IASS 2014 Brasilia Symposium: Shells, Membranes and Spatial Structures: Footprints – General 6: Conceptual Design
- IASS 2014 Brasilia Symposium: Shells, Membranes and Spatial Structures: Footprints – General 7: Sustainable Design
- IASS 2014 Brasilia Symposium: Shells, Membranes and Spatial Structures: Footprints – General 8: Structural Morphology
- IASS 2014 Brasilia Symposium: Shells, Membranes and Spatial Structures: Footprints – General 9: Computational Tools, Shape Finding and Optimization
- IASS 2014 Brasilia Symposium: Shells, Membranes and Spatial Structures: Footprints – General 10: ETFE - Design and Experiments
- IASS 2014 Brasilia Symposium: Shells, Membranes and Spatial Structures: Footprints – Latin-American Symposium on Tension Structures
- Volume 2013
- IASS 2013 Wroclaw: ‘Beyond the Limits of Man’ – Plenary Lectures
- IASS 2013 Wroclaw: ‘Beyond the Limits of Man’ – Pier Luigi Nervi: Heritage, Design Approaches, Structures
- IASS 2013 Wroclaw: ‘Beyond the Limits of Man’ – Polish Contributions to Spatial Structures
- IASS 2013 Wroclaw: ‘Beyond the Limits of Man’ – Cooling and Solar Updraft Towers
- IASS 2013 Wroclaw: ‘Beyond the Limits of Man’ – Tension and Membrane Structures 1: New and Tensegrity Structures
- IASS 2013 Wroclaw: ‘Beyond the Limits of Man’ – Tension and Membrane Structures 2: Computational Problems
- IASS 2013 Wroclaw: ‘Beyond the Limits of Man’ – Tension and Membrane Structures 3: Air-Inflated, Special and Adaptive Structures
- IASS 2013 Wroclaw: ‘Beyond the Limits of Man’ – Tension and Membrane Structures 4: Materials
- IASS 2013 Wroclaw: ‘Beyond the Limits of Man’ – Metal Spatial Structures 1: Buckling and Realization
- IASS 2013 Wroclaw: ‘Beyond the Limits of Man’ – Metal Spatial Structures 2: Earthquake Response and Performance
- IASS 2013 Wroclaw: ‘Beyond the Limits of Man’ – Timber Spatial Structures
- IASS 2013 Wroclaw: ‘Beyond the Limits of Man’ – Computational Methods
- IASS 2013 Wroclaw: ‘Beyond the Limits of Man’ – Structural Morphology 1: Computation, Geometry, Optimization
- IASS 2013 Wroclaw: ‘Beyond the Limits of Man’ – Structural Morphology 2: Graphical Statics, Grid Shells
- IASS 2013 Wroclaw: ‘Beyond the Limits of Man’ – Structural Morphology 3: Materials and Fabrication
- IASS 2013 Wroclaw: ‘Beyond the Limits of Man’ – Structural Morphology 4: Reciprocal and Tesegrity Structures
- IASS 2013 Wroclaw: ‘Beyond the Limits of Man’ – Structural Morphology 5: Transformable Structures
- IASS 2013 Wroclaw: ‘Beyond the Limits of Man’ – Environmentally Compatible Structures
- IASS 2013 Wroclaw: ‘Beyond the Limits of Man’ – General 1: Case Studties
- IASS 2013 Wroclaw: ‘Beyond the Limits of Man’ – General 2: Design Process
- IASS 2013 Wroclaw: ‘Beyond the Limits of Man’ – General 3: Structural Modeling and Computational Methods
- IASS 2013 Wroclaw: ‘Beyond the Limits of Man’ – General 4: Materials, Durability and Maintainance
- IASS 2013 Wroclaw: ‘Beyond the Limits of Man’ – General 5: Structural Health Monitoring and Life Safety
- IASS 2013 Wroclaw: ‘Beyond the Limits of Man’ – General 6: Shell Structures
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