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Open Access Caracterización molecular con marcadores RAM de árboles nativos de Psidium guajava (guayaba) en el Valle del Cauca

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COMPENDIO &59; &59; Se evaluaron 53 accesiones de Psidium guajava Valle del Cauca, utilizando marcadores microsatélites aleatorios RAM. Los seis primeros usados generaron 74 bandas polimórficas, con pesos moleculares de 100 a 700 pb. El porcentaje de loci Polimórfico en cinco de los primeros resultó ser del 100% (P <&59; 0.05) y la diversidad génica de 0.4386. El Análisis de Varianza Molecular (AMOVA) reveló que el 64.51% de la varianza total haplotípica contabiliza para variaciones dentro de transectos. El análisis de clasificación reflejó un agrupamiento que no correspondía a un patrón geográfico, lo cual indica que la especie de guayaba tiene alta diseminación. El análisis conjunto de las características morfológicas y moleculares suministró una caracterización confiable. La variación total de los descriptores morfológicos y valores moleculares fue explicada en un 77.58% mediante CP, donde las variables originales alcanzaron valores de comunalidad desde 57.22 a un 95.99% dentro de cinco variables sintéticas generadas. El ACM permitió caracterizar las accesiones en cuatro grupos, en los cuales según el análisis discriminante casi el 100% de las accesiones quedaron debidamente clasificadas. &59; &59; Palabras claves&58; Psidium guajava, accesiones, biodiversidad, marcadores genéticos, análisis molecular, clasificación. &59; &59; ABSTRACT &59; &59; Molecular characteristics of Psidium guajava in the Cauca Valley, Colombia. 53 accessions of Psidium guajava were collected in 9 zones of the Valley of the Cauca. The accessions were characterized molecularly by Microsatellite Amplificated Random RAMs, with the purpose to estimate the diversity and genetic structure that this specie possesses. Six primers were utilized and generated 74 polymorphisms bands with molecular weights from 100 to 700 pb. Five primers resulted to be 100% (P<&59;0.05) polymorphic and the estimated gene diversity was 0.4386. The Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) showed that the 64.51% of the haplotypic total variance counts for variations whitin transects, while the 35.49% remainder is due to differences among transepts or populations. The analysis of classification reflected a grouping that did not correspond to a geographical distribution evaluated, which indicates that the species of Psidium has a high dissemination. The altogether analysis of the molecular and morphological characteristics supplied a dependable characterization. The total variation of the descriptors morphological and molecular values was explained in a 77.58% by analysis of principal components (PCA), where the original variables showed communal values since 57.22 to a 95.99% within five generated synthetic variables. The MCA, permitted to characterize the 53 accessions in four groups, in which according to the discriminant analysis almost all of the 100% of the accesions remain properly classified. &59; &59; Keywords&58; Psidium guajava, accessions, biodiversity, genetic markers, molecular analysis, classification.

Document Type: Research Article

Publication date: 01 January 2006

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