PERSPECTIVE: Cryosurgery process applications: a mathematical review

The present study reviews some of the prominent mathematical models that are used to simulate the cryosurgery treatment of tumor tissues, i.e., destruction of tumor tissues via controlled freezing with cryoprobes with minimizing the impact on surrounding healthy tissues. Numerical simulation of the appropriate mathematical models that reflect practical situations may help the physicians to design a planning framework for the treatment, which includes total number of cryoprobes to be used, their placement design and the duration of optimal freezing, etc. Finite element method, meshfree method, and finite volume method are some of the suitable numerical techniques for simulating bio-heat transfer process within complex tissues during treatment.