@article {J. A. Craddock:2015:1568-0266:523,
title = "Anesthetics Act in Quantum Channels in Brain Microtubules to Prevent Consciousness",
journal = "Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry",
parent_itemid = "infobike://ben/ctmc",
publishercode ="ben",
year = "2015",
volume = "15",
number = "6",
publication date ="2015-03-01T00:00:00",
pages = "523-533",
itemtype = "ARTICLE",
issn = "1568-0266",
url = "https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ben/ctmc/2015/00000015/00000006/art00005",
keyword = "Microtubules, Tryptophan, Hydrogen bonds, Anesthesia, Anesthetics, Hydrophobic pockets, POCD, Postoperative
cognitive dysfunction, Tubulin, Quantum mobility theory, Consciousness, Aromatic amino acids",
author = "J. A. Craddock, Travis and R. Hameroff, Stuart and T. Ayoub, Ahmed and Klobukowski, Mariusz and A. Tuszynski, Jack",
abstract = "The mechanism by which anesthetic gases selectively prevent consciousness and memory (sparing non-conscious brain functions) remains unknown. At the turn of the 20th century Meyer and Overton showed that potency of structurally dissimilar anesthetic gas molecules correlated precisely
over many orders of magnitude with one factor, solubility in a non-polar, hydrophobic medium akin to olive oil. In the 1980s Franks and Lieb showed anesthetics acted in such a medium within proteins, suggesting post-synaptic membrane receptors. But anesthetic studies on such
proteins yielded only confusing results. In recent years Eckenhoff and colleagues have found anesthetic action in microtubules, cytoskeletal polymers of the protein tubulin inside brain neurons. Quantum mobility in microtubules has been proposed to mediate consciousness. Through
molecular modeling we have previously shown: (1) olive oillike non-polar, hydrophobic quantum mobility pathways (quantum channels) of tryptophan rings in tubulin, (2) binding of anesthetic gas molecules in these channels, and (3) capabilities for -electron resonant energy
transfer, or exciton hopping, among tryptophan aromatic rings in quantum channels, similar to photosynthesis protein quantum coherence. Here, we show anesthetic molecules can impair -resonance energy transfer and exciton hopping in tubulin quantum channels, and thus account for selective
action of anesthetics on consciousness and memory.",
}