@article {Iwata:2006:1573-3955:345,
title = "Role of Vitamin A in T Cell Homing to the Gut",
journal = "Current Immunology Reviews",
parent_itemid = "infobike://ben/cir",
publishercode ="ben",
year = "2006",
volume = "2",
number = "4",
publication date ="2006-11-01T00:00:00",
pages = "345-355",
itemtype = "ARTICLE",
issn = "1573-3955",
url = "https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ben/cir/2006/00000002/00000004/art00005",
keyword = "inflammatory bowel disease, small intestine, retinoic acid, T-cell homing, gut, Vitamin A",
author = "Iwata, Makoto",
abstract = "Vitamin A supplementation significantly reduces infant mortality in developing countries, largely by reducing persistent diarrhea that is often aggravated by malnutrition. Vitamin A contributes to maintaining the integrity of mucosal epithelia and enhancing IgA responses in the gut. Recently, we found that vitamin A is essential for the homing of T cells to gut tissues. Retinoic acid (RA), an oxidative metabolite of retinol, even at 0.1 to 1 nM, enhances the expression of the gut-homing receptors, the integrin 47 and the chemokine receptor CCR9, on T cells upon activation in vitro, and grants them the capacity of migrating to the small intestine. The RA receptors RAR and/or are involved in this effect. Dendritic cells of the gut-associated lymphoid organs, Peyer's patches and mesenteric lymph nodes, express the RAproducing enzymes, and can produce RA from retinol (vitamin A). Antigenic stimulation of T cells with these dendritic cells enhances 47 expression on T cells, depending on the production of RA by dendritic cells and its binding to RAR in T cells. Therefore, vitamin A-derived RA imprints T cells with the gut-homing specificity. Possible roles of this effect in the development of diseases and possible future treatments for them are discussed. ",
}