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Music creators and gender inequality in the Dutch music sector
Abstract
This article addresses how the position of women music creators differs from men. We clarify the general differences as well as financial gender inequality. Therefore, we draw on two sources. First, Buma/Stemra ‐ a copyrights collecting society ‐ provided a member database, including approximately 28,000 members. Second, as this database contains few variables besides sex and royalty revenues, we did an online survey amongst Buma/Stemra members. This survey included questions about background characteristics, income, work activities and satisfaction, their own work (in relation to gender), and their view on the gendered nature of the music industry.
First, women music creators differ from their male colleagues: they are less satisfied with their work activities and conditions, often feel not taken seriously as music creators, and are less comfortable promoting their work. Moreover, men and women differ in terms of time spent on different tasks. Finally, where women see the music industry as geared towards men, male music creators often do not see the music sector as a man’s world. They, therefore, explain gender inequality differently. Second, our analyses show that female sex/gender has a negative effect on both copyright revenues and income, even when controlled for age, years of membership, (music) education, and task activities.
This article addresses how the position of women music creators differs from men. We clarify the general differences as well as financial gender inequality. Therefore, we draw on two sources. First, Buma/Stemra ‐ a copyrights collecting society ‐ provided a member database, including approximately 28,000 members. Second, as this database contains few variables besides sex and royalty revenues, we did an online survey amongst Buma/Stemra members. This survey included questions about background characteristics, income, work activities and satisfaction, their own work (in relation to gender), and their view on the gendered nature of the music industry.
First, women music creators differ from their male colleagues: they are less satisfied with their work activities and conditions, often feel not taken seriously as music creators, and are less comfortable promoting their work. Moreover, men and women differ in terms of time spent on different tasks. Finally, where women see the music industry as geared towards men, male music creators often do not see the music sector as a man’s world. They, therefore, explain gender inequality differently. Second, our analyses show that female sex/gender has a negative effect on both copyright revenues and income, even when controlled for age, years of membership, (music) education, and task activities.
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Keywords: income inequality; music creators; royalties
Document Type: Research Article
Publication date: May 1, 2019
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The Tijdschrift voor Genderstudies (Journal of Gender Studies) is a Dutch language forum for the scientific problematisation of gender in relation to ethnicity, sexuality, class, and age. The journal aims to contribute to debates about gender and diversity in the Netherlands and Flanders. The journal is an interdisciplinary medium operating at the intersection of society, culture, the humanities, health and science. The editorial staff is open to articles about gender issues from different disciplines, and also accepts English articles. As well as publishing articles, the journal includes essays, columns (short topical and polemical articles), interviews, reviews, summaries of dissertations and conference reports. Articles are subjected to a double blind peer review process. - Editorial Board
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