Development of 2000 K Class High Temperature In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy of Nanostructured Materials via Resistive Heating

We report the development of a new type of a 2000 K class high temperature stage for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of various shaped nanostructured materials, i.e., nanometer-sized isolated nanostructures, such as particles, fibers, and thin films, and nanocrystalline bulk materials. The maximum temperature of the heating stage was 300–700 K higher than that of prevailing heating stages. In addition, we found that since the structure of the developed heating stage is simple, the stage can be applied to most of transmission electron microscopes without any additional modification. The stability of the heating stage was confirmed by In Situ high-resolution observation of the lattice fringes of the zirconium dioxide nanoparticles heated at 1183 K. We observed In Situ the nanoscale structural variation of titanium plate surfaces around 900 K and the melting of nanocrystalline iron thin films around 1808 K by this method. It was demonstrated that the heating stage is useful for the analysis of high temperature structural dynamics of various shaped nanostructured materials.