@article {Som:2019:2637-8329:235,
title = "Review of the Current Embryology and Anatomy of Taste and an Overview of Central Processing",
journal = "Neurographics",
parent_itemid = "infobike://asnr/ng",
publishercode ="asnr",
year = "2019",
volume = "9",
number = "3",
publication date ="2019-06-01T00:00:00",
pages = "235-263",
itemtype = "ARTICLE",
issn = "2637-8329",
eissn = "2637-8329",
url = "https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/asnr/ng/2019/00000009/00000003/art00008",
doi = "doi:10.3174/ng.1800071",
keyword = "EGF = epidermal growth factor, Px1 = pannexin 1, SIADH = syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, HES1 = hairy and enhancer of split-1 is a transcription factor and a member of the Hes gene family (Hes genes code nuclear proteins that suppress transcription), VR-1v = vanilloid receptor that functions as a nonselective cation channel, BMP 2, 4, 7 = bone morphogenic proteins, tyrosine kinases = enzymes that can transfer a phosphate group from ATP to a protein in a cell, SOX2 = a family of transcription factors that bind to DNA (they are neural-inducing homeobox genes), NT-3 = neurotropoin 3 (a neurotrophic factor), CN = cranial nerve, GLUT-2 = a glucose transporter, ENaC = A salt receptor epithelial sodium channel, PKD1L3-PKD2L1 = a sour taste receptor, T1R, T2R = TAS1R1, TAS1R2, VPMpc = medial parvicellular portion of the ventromedial nucleus, K5, K14 = keratins a family of structural proteins, OFC = orbitofrontal cortex, FGF = fibroblastic growth factor, CS = central sulcus, P2X, P2Y = a family of purinergic G-protein-coupled receptors that are stimulated by nucleotides, GPCR = G-protein-coupled receptor, CCK = the peptide hormone cholecystokinin, EGFR = epidermal growth factor receptor, ROMK = renal outer medullary K+ channel, SPRY1‐4 (Spry 1‐4) = the sprouty family of genes inhibit tyrosine kinase activity (they are antagonists of FGF signaling), GLP-1 = the peptide hormone glucagon-like peptide-1, ATP = adenosine triphosphate, cAMP = cyclic adenosine monophosphate, SHH = sonic hedgehog protein, MASH1 = a transcription factor originally known as mammalian achaete scute homolog-1, SNAP-25 = synaptosome associated protein 25 (presynaptic protein) is a protein coding gene, CALHM1 = calcium homeostasis modulator-1 protein (a preforming subunit of a voltage-gated ion channel), MSG = monosodium glutamate, WNT/β-catenin pathway = regulates stem cell pluripotency and cell fate decisions during development, WNT = gene family consists of at least 19 genes that make ligands that are signaling molecules that play many roles of embryogenesis, BDNF = brain-derived neurotrophic factor, GABA = gamma aminobutyric acid (it acts at inhibitory synapses in the brain by binding to specific transmembrane receptors), SGLT1 = a glucose transporter",
author = "Som, P.M. and Naidich, T.P.",
abstract = "Taste is a sense interrelated with olfaction. Together, taste and olfaction produce the sensation designated as flavor, which influences dietary intake. This review discussed the embryology and anatomy of taste, and then their central processing in the brain. It also addresses diseases
that may alter taste perception.Learning Objective: Reading this review will help the reader to understand the embryology and anatomy of the taste system. It explains how taste is sensed, how that sensation is perceived by the brain, and how that perception regulates ingestion, satiety,
and obesity. The reader will also learn how different diseases affect the appearance of the tongue and the sense of taste.",
}