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Home / Spine, Volume 43, Number 10

Cartilage Endplate Thickness Variation Measured by Ultrashort Echo-Time MRI Is Associated With Adjacent Disc Degeneration

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Study Design.

A magnetic resonance imaging study of human cadaver spines.

Objective.

To investigate associations between cartilage endplate (CEP) thickness and disc degeneration.Summary of Background Data.

Damage to the CEP is associated with spinal injury and back pain. However, CEP morphology and its association with disc degeneration have not been well characterized.Methods.

Ten lumbar motion segments with varying degrees of disc degeneration were harvested from six cadaveric spines and scanned with magnetic resonance imaging in the sagittal plane using a T2-weighted two-dimensional (2D) sequence, a three-dimensional (3D) ultrashort echo-time (UTE) imaging sequence, and a 3D T1ρ mapping sequence. CEP thicknesses were calculated from 3D UTE image data using a custom, automated algorithm, and these values were validated against histology measurements. Pfirrmann grades and T1ρ values in the disc were assessed and correlated with CEP thickness.Results.

The mean CEP thickness calculated from UTE images was 0.74 ± 0.04 mm. Statistical comparisons between histology and UTE-derived measurements of CEP thickness showed significant agreement, with the mean difference not significantly different from zero (P = 0.32). Within-disc variation of T1ρ (standard deviation) was significantly lower for Pfirrmann grade 4 than Pfirrmann grade 3 (P < 0.05). Within-disc variation of T1ρ and adjacent CEP thickness heterogeneity (coefficient of variation) had a significant negative correlation (r = −0.65, P = 0.04). The standard deviation of T1ρand the mean CEP thickness showed a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.40, P = 0.26).Conclusion.

This study demonstrates that quantitative measurements of CEP thickness measured from UTE magnetic resonance imaging are associated with disc degeneration. Our results suggest that variability in CEP thickness and T1ρ, rather than their mean values, may serve as valuable diagnostic markers for disc degeneration.

Level of Evidence: N/A

Keywords: Pfirrmann grade; T1rho; cartilage endplate; disc degeneration; endplate thickness; image processing algorithm; image segmentation; intervertebral disc; low back pain; lumbar spine; spatial variation; ultrashort echo-time MRI (UTE MRI)

Document Type: Research Article

Affiliations: 1: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, Department of Bioengineering, UC Berkeley/UCSF Joint Program in Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA 2: Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 3: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 4: Department of Bioengineering, UC Berkeley/UCSF Joint Program in Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 5: Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey, Neuroscience Graduate Program, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey.

Publication date: 15 May 2018

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