A review on fulminating gold (Knallgold)

Authors: Steinhauser, Georg; Evers, Jürgen; Jakob, Stefanie; Klapötke, Thomas M.; Oehlinger, Gilbert

Source: Gold Bulletin, Volume 41, Number 4, December 2008 , pp. 305-317(13)

Publisher: World Gold Council

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Abstract:

Expensive and explosive! The reaction of ammonia and gold(III) compounds leads to explosive products known as "fulminating gold". Gold scientists should be aware of the potential hazards involved in the reaction of these starting materials. Herein, a historic and scientific review on this fascinating substance is presented. Fulminating gold has been known since medieval times, but cannot be fully characterized due to its polymeric and heterogeneous character. Magnetic measurements confirm previous EXAFS analyses that the gold atoms have a square planar coordination environment (AuN₄-moieties that are party connected and form a 3-dimensional network). The explosive properties and resulting safety instructions are discussed in detail as well.

Keywords: AURUM FULMINANS; EXPLOSIVES; GOLD-NITROGEN BOND; SAFETY; ALCHEMISTS

Document Type: Research article

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