Managing Bacteria TMDLs by Overlaying Water Quality, Hydrology and Corrective Measures on Stream Recreation

Authors: Stiles, Thomas C.; Tate, Michael B.

Source: Water Practice, Volume 2, Number 1, January 2008 , pp. 1-13(13)

Publisher: Water Environment Federation

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Abstract:

Kansas faces numerous issues surrounding the attainment of bacteria criteria and recreation use support in Kansas streams. Kansas has employed various approaches, such as load duration curves, use refinement and mandatory wastewater disinfection to appropriately assess and protect recreation. An emerging concept uses the flow components of depth and velocity to create profiles of likely primary recreation (swimming, kayaking) on various sized streams. This technique is applied to a rural creek and a major river to provide a contrast in the likely hydraulic support for in-stream recreation. Overlaying the likelihood of primary recreation on the load duration curve displays actual impairment. A suite of Best Management Practices likely to reduce bacteria levels at varying flow conditions helps craft a strategy for ensuring the most likely recreation uses are protected. At the highest flow conditions, physical limitations may offset the need to invest in bacteria reduction during unlikely recreation periods.

Keywords: LOAD DURATION CURVES; HYDRAULIC GEOMETRY; PRIMARY CONTACT RECREATION; E COLI BACTERIA; TMDLS

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193317708X281460

Publication date: 2008-01-01

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Water Practice™ publishes peer-reviewed articles and reports focusing on applied water studies. Topics include monitoring, facility operations and maintenance, management, policy, and other issues of interest and concern to water practitioners. The Journal publishes on a monthly to bi-monthly basis and is available online only.
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