Strategies to Reduce Nitrogen and Phosphorus Losses from Land Applied Animal Manure

Authors: Armstrong, Shalamar D.; Smith, Douglas R.; Owens, Phillip R.

Source: Water Practice, Volume 1, Number 4, September 2007 , pp. 1-13(13)

Publisher: Water Environment Federation

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Abstract:

Continued land application of animal manure to agriculture fields often results in elevated soil N and P concentrations that may exceed crop requirements and may be lost to surface water bodies. Several strategies can be used by landowners and animal producers to minimize losses of N and P from agricultural fields, including: dietary modification; manure amendments; manure application method and soil preparation; buffer strips; and using the P index to determine the manure application rates and risks. Researchers have demonstrated that both diet modifications and aluminum amendments can reduce soluble P in manure and runoff by 60 to 95%, while manure injection reduced runoff total P by 92 %. The employment of these and other strategies by responsible landowners is critical in reducing the vulnerability of N and P to losses via runoff following animal manure application.

Keywords: CONFINED ANIMAL FEEDING OPERATION (CAFO); EUTROPHICATION; DIETARY MODIFICATION; PHOSPHORUS; NITROGEN; ALUM; PHOSPHORUS INDEX

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193317707X243364

Publication date: 2007-09-01

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Water Practice™ publishes peer-reviewed articles and reports focusing on applied water studies. Topics include monitoring, facility operations and maintenance, management, policy, and other issues of interest and concern to water practitioners. The Journal publishes on a monthly to bi-monthly basis and is available online only.
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