@article {Lin:2010:1061-4303:2219,
	author = "Lin, Yen-Hui and Juan, Mu-Ling and Huang, Hau-Liang and Tsai, Hui-Ying and Lin, Pearl Hsui-Ping",
	title = "Influence of Sulfur Concentration on Bioleaching of Heavy Metals from Industrial Waste Sludge",
	journal = "Water Environment Research",
	volume = "82",
	number = "11",
	year = "2010",
	abstract = "The bioleaching process, including acidification and solubilization of heavy metals, is a promising method for removing heavy metals from industrial waste sludge. Solubilization of heavy metals in industrial waste sludge is governed by adding elemental sulfur. A sulfur concentration exceeding 0.5% (w/v) inhibits sulfate production and the activity of acidophilic bacteria. Sulfate production was described well by a substrate inhibition expression in Haldane's kinetics. After 15 days of bioleaching, 79 to 81% copper, 50 to 69% lead, and 49 to 69% nickel were solubilized from sludge with a sulfur concentration of 0.5 to 1.0% (w/v). Experimental results indicated that the optimal sulfur concentration for the maximum solubilization rate of copper and nickel was 0.5% (w/v) and 1.0% (w/v) for lead. The profiles of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis confirmed that indigenous acidophilic <I>Acidithiobacilli</I> (<I>A. thiooxidans</I> and <I>A. ferrooxidans</I>) existed and were the dominant species in the bioleaching process.",
	pages = "2219-2228",
	url = "http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/wef/wer/2010/00000082/00000011/art00002",
	doi = "doi:10.2175/106143010X12609736966720",
	keyword = "bioleaching, sulfur concentration, heavy metals, industrial waste sludge, acidophilic Acidithiobacilli"
}