@article {Patel:2005-01-01T00:00:00:1938-6478:3905,
	author = "Patel, Ajay and Nakhla, George and Zhu, Jingxu",
	title = "BIOLOGICAL NUTRIENTS REMOVAL IN CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED BIOREACTOR (CFBBR)",
	journal = "Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation",
	volume = "2005",
	number = "12",
	year = "2005-01-01T00:00:00",
	abstract = "The biological fluidized bed (BFB) technology has become more popular in recent years for biological nutrient removal (BNR) due to its some unique advantages over suspended growth processes, such as low hydraulic retention time (HRT), long sludge age and small foot print. This study
 discusses the performance of the circulating fluidized bed bioreactor (CFBBR) with two separate beds – anoxic and aerobic employing lava rock as a carrier media for the treatment of synthetic wastewater (SWW) and municipal wastewater (MWW). During the treatment of SWW, the CFBBR was
 able to achieve 94% COD and 98% NH<sub>4</sub>-N removal with average effluent NH<sub>4</sub>-N and NO<sub>3</sub>-N concentration of 0.39 and 4 mg/L respectively at a HRT of 2 hrs. The CFBBR affected excellent removal of carbon and nitrogen in real MWW at a HRT of 2 hrs, achieving effluent
 COD, NH<sub>3</sub>-N, NO<sub>3</sub>-N, VSS, BOD<sub>5</sub> concentrations of 15, 0.36, 5.8, 6 and 8.5 mg/L respectively and achieved 67% phosphorous removal without recirculation of bioparticles, highlighting its technical feasibility for simultaneous nitrification-denitrification (SND)
 and biological phosphorous removal (bio-P) for MWW treatment. The CFBBR demonstrated excellent biomass attachment characteristics on the carrier media.",
	pages = "3905-3917",
	url = "http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/wef/wefproc/2005/00002005/00000012/art00044",
	doi = "doi:10.2175/193864705783865983"
}