Authors: Chandran, K.; Pape, R.; Philip, N.; Stinson, B.; Anderson, J.; Carrio, L.; Sexton, J.; Sapienza, V.; Gopalakrishnan, K.

Source: Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation, WEFTEC 2004: Session 31 through Session 40 , pp. 556-568(13)

Publisher: Water Environment Federation

Abstract:

The Nitrogen Control Feasibility Plan (NCFP) has identified step-feed biological nitrogen removal for meeting effluent total nitrogen concentrations < 9 mg-N/L and < 4 mg-N/L at several New York City Water Pollution Control Plants (NYC WPCPs). Under current non-BNR mode operating conditions, the NYC WPCPs rely on chlorination using sodium hypochlorite. Sodium hypochlorite doses are controlled based on the effluent total residual chlorine concentrations and the wastewater flow rate. Given the anticipated shift to BNR operation, we investigated the effect of BNR associated effluent nitrogen species concentrations on the efficacy of disinfection and chlorine dosage required to achieve a given effluent fecal coliform concentration and total chlorine residual concentration. Specifically, we examined the effect of low to intermediate NH₄ ⁺-N concentrations; resulting from nitrification, NO₂⁻-N concentrations; resulting from incomplete nitrification or denitrification, the relative proportion of NH₄ ⁺-N to unbiodegradable organic-N, suspended solids, all of which may be present in the reactor effluent on disinfection via chlorination. In addition, issues such as formation of toxic disinfection byproducts were addressed in light of the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation's (NYSDEC) promulgation of a total residual chlorine standard, which has identified chlorinated effluent as acutely toxic and an impending reduction in the existing total residual chlorine permit limits. Further, the effect of increased total suspended solids concentrations (poor settling characteristics of BNR sludge due to higher filament abundance on pathogen kill were also evaluated.

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864704784137729

Publication date: 2004-01-01

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• In this Subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences ,  General & Civil Engineering ,  Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering
• By this author: Chandran, K. ;  Pape, R. ;  Philip, N. ;  Stinson, B. ;  Anderson, J. ;  Carrio, L. ;  Sexton, J. ;  Sapienza, V. ;  Gopalakrishnan, K.

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