@article {Rosenfeld:2000:1938-6478:185,
	author = "Rosenfeld, Paul E. and Henr, Charles L.",
	title = "ODOR CONTROL OF BIOSOLIDS VIA BLENDING WITH HIGH CARBON WOOD ASH",
	journal = "Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation",
	volume = "2000",
	number = "13",
	year = "2000",
	abstract = "Odor emissions from biosolids were conducted relating odor units (odor intensity as perceived by people) to chemical odorant concentrations. Chemical odorant emissions from biosolids produced by the King County, WA regional wastewater facilities were identified using gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry and included dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), dimethyl sulfide (DMS), carbon disulfide (CS<SUB>2</SUB>), ammonia (NH<SUB>3</SUB>), trimethyl amine (TMA), and acetone. To control biosolids odor, wood ash containing 32&#37; carbon was incorporated with biosolids (1:1 dry wt. ratio). The high carbon ash additions reduced odor unit, DMDS, DMS, CS<SUB>2</SUB>, TMA and acetone emissions when compared to a biosolids control. Although ash addition reduced NH<SUB>3</SUB> emissions sometimes, reduction was not consistently significant. Dimethyl disulfide, NH<SUB>3</SUB>, and trimethyl amine concentrations were estimated to be higher than published human detection limits, while maximum CS<SUB>2</SUB>, DMS, and acetone concentrations were predicted to be below published human detection limits. High carbon wood ash incorporation with biosolids eliminated DMDS odor and trimethyl amine odor, while wood ash did not significantly reduced the NH<SUB>3</SUB> odor.",
	pages = "185-194",
	url = "http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/wef/wefproc/2000/00002000/00000013/art00015",
	doi = "doi:10.2175/193864700784608216"
}