Impact Force Reduction of Manipulators Using a Dynamic Acceleration Polytope and Flexible Collision Detection Sensor

Authors: Jeong, Seonghee; Takahashi, Takayuki

Source: Advanced Robotics, Volume 23, Number 3, 2009 , pp. 367-383(17)

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Abstract:

A collision between a physical service manipulator and a human being generally generates massive impact force, which can cause injury and limit the operation speed of the maipulator. This paper develops an effective impact force reduction method that combines an optimal braking method, i.e., dynamic acceleration polytope braking (DAPB), and a flexible collision detection sensor, i.e., air pressure collision detection sensor (APCS). DAPB calculates the maximum braking torque using a dynamic acceleration polytope that represents the acceleration ability of a manipulator, including a redundant one, and decelerates impact velocity quickly whitin the range of torque limits. The APCS consists of a flexible tube and a pressure sensor, and can detect collisions quickly by measuring an air pressure wave. It provides a shock absorber function and sufficient time for the braking. Combining DAPB and APCS can effectively reduce the impact force due to the collision of a manipulator. Several simulations and experiments are performed to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method, and a 28% impact force reduction was confirmed by a collision experiment, compared with that of conventional braking methods.

Keywords: BRAKING; FLEXIBLE SENSOR; REDUNDANT MANIPULATOR; SAFETY; IMPACT FORCE REDUCTION

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156855308X397578

Affiliations: 1: Symbiotic Systems Science, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa 01, Fukushima, Japan

Publication date: 2009-01-01