Authors: van Oorschot, Wim; Arts, Wil; Halman, Loek

Source: Policy & Politics, Volume 33, Number 1, January 2005 , pp. 33-54(22)

Publisher: Policy Press

Abstract:

This article tests whether state-organised solidarity substitutes social capital and informal solidarity, based on recent data from the European Values Study. At country level, we find that welfare spending has a reinforcing effect on social capital and a negative substitution effect on informal solidarity. At the individual level, there is also evidence for a substitution effect, since informal solidarity is lower among people who live in countries that spend more on social protection. In addition, there is evidence of a 'national burden' effect, since informal solidarity is lower among people who live in countries with an older population, with higher unemployment, and with a higher percentage of immigrants.

Spanish
Este artículo pone en prueba si la solidaridad de los estados organizados substituyen el capital social y la solidaridad informal, basándose en los datos recientes del Estudio de Valores Europeos. A nivel de un país, encontramos que los gastos en la asistencia social tienen un efecto reforzado en el capital social y un efecto negativo de substitución en cuanto a la solidaridad informal. A nivel individual, también hay evidencia de un efecto de substitución, ya que la solidaridad informal es menor entre la gente que vive en países donde se gasta más en la protección social. Además, hay evidencia del efecto de una 'carga nacional', ya que la solidaridad informal es menor entre la gente que vive en países donde la población es mayor, con mayor número de desempleados y con un mayor porcentaje de inmigrantes.

French
Basé sur des données récentes provenant d'une Étude des valeurs européennes, cet article vérifie si la solidarité organisée par l'état remplace le capital social et la solidarité non officielle. Au niveau national, nous constatons que les dépenses sociales ont un effet de renforcement sur le capital social et un effet de substitution négatif sur la solidarité non officielle. Au niveau individuel, il y a aussi des preuves d'un effet de substitution, étant donné que la solidarité non officielle est plus basse parmi les personnes qui vivent dans les pays qui dépensent plus, au niveau de la protection sociale. De plus, il existe aussi des preuves d'un effet de 'fardeau national', étant donné que la solidarité non officielle est plus basse parmi les personnes qui vivent dans les pays à population plus âgée et où le taux de chômage et le pourcentage d'immigrés sont élevés.

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/0305573052708474

Publication date: 2005-01-01

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