Abstract: Winter wheat-summer maize double cropping is an important rotation system mainly practiced in the North China Plain. Crop yield and water use efficiency in this rotation system are influenced by rainfalls. Winter wheat yield was restricted by limited precipitation and irrigation
in spring. To study water-saving rotation system and measures, a 2-year field experiment was conducted in the high yield regions of the North China Plain by adjusting cropping systems and optimizing water and nitrogen management strategies. Six rotation cropping systems, including convention
(Con), optimum (Opt), No-Tillage (No-T), water saving I (WS I), water saving II (WS II) and water restoration (WR), were designed to investigate the crop yield, crop water consumption and irrigation water-use efficiency. The Con treatment as CK was a double cropping system of winter wheat
interplanted with summer maize, which was conducted with conventional agricultural practice. Both Opt and No-T treatments were the double cropping system of winter wheat rotated with summer maize, and conducted with water and nitrogen optimization measures. WS I and WS II treatments were the
three-crops in two years system, and combined with water and nitrogen optimization measures. The former was winter wheat-summer maize-spring maize rotation and the latter was winter wheat-summer soybean-spring maize rotation. The WR treatment was one crop (spring maize) in a year system and
was also conducted with water and nitrogen optimization measures. Compared with the double cropping system of winter wheat interplanted with summer maize, the system of winter wheat rotated with summer maize by water and nitrogen optimization, the results presented a high level of production
and low level of crop water consumption with the irrigation water-use efficiency improved by 52%-54%. Compared with the double cropping system, either the three crops in two years system or the one crop in a year system, significantly decreased crop water consumption, improved the irrigation
water-use efficiency by 58%-172% and decreased the production by 16%-27%. In conclusion, it is feasible to change the winter wheat / summer maize double cropping system into winter wheat rotated with summer maize system under water and nitrogen optimization strategies in the North China Plain.
Considering the fact of severe water shortages in this region, the three-crops in two years system may be a useful mode of planting to obtain the highest possible crop yield.
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Keywords:
agriculture;
cropping systems;
crops;
irrigation;
irrigation water-use efficiency;
water and nitrogen optimization;
water consumption;
yield
Document Type: Research Article
Publication date:
01 February 2013
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Transations of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering(TCSAE), founded in 1985, is sponsored by the Chinese Chemical Society. TCSAE has been indexed by EI Compendex, CAB Inti, CSA. TCSAE is devoted to reporting the academic developments of Agricultural Engineering mainly in China and some developments from abroad. The primary topics that we consider are the following: comprehensive research, agricultural equipment and mechanization, soil and water engineering, agricultural information and electrical technologies, agricultural bioenvironmental and energy engineering, land consolidation and rehabilitation engineering, agricultural produce processing engineering.
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