ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS OF 1,3,5-TRINITROBENZENE

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By this: publisher
In this Subject: Ecology ,&nbsp; Toxicology
By this author: Reddy, Gunda ;&nbsp; Reddy, Tirumuru V. ;&nbsp; Choudhury, Harlal ;&nbsp; Bernard, F. ;&nbsp; Glenn, Daniel ;&nbsp; Leach, J.

Authors: Reddy, Gunda; Reddy, Tirumuru V.; Choudhury, Harlal; Bernard, F.; Glenn, Daniel; Leach, J.

Source: Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Volume 52, Number 5, 20 November 1997 , pp. 447-460(14)

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Abstract:

The remedial investigation feasibility studies conducted at certain Army installations showed a need to clean up contaminated sites, where high levels of ammunition chemicals such as 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene TNT , 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene TNB , 1,3-dinitrobenzene DNB , and their degradation products metabolites were detected in surface soil and groundwater. TNB is a photodegradation product of TNT; it is not easily degraded, and persists in the environment. The toxicity data on TNB are scanty. Hence the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in 1988 U.S. EPA, 1997 developed a reference dose RfD for TNB 0.00005 mg kg d for chronic toxicity based on the toxicity of DNB, which is structurally similar to TNB. Since then we have completed acute, subacute, subchronic, chronic, reproductive, and developmental toxicity studies and toxicokinetics studies. We have reviewed the mammalian toxicity data for TNB and have determined the no observed adverse effect levels NOAEL and low observed adverse effect levels LOAEL for subchronic, chronic, reproductive, and developmental toxicity. Based on the newly determined NOAEL and LOAEL values, we have now developed a new RfD for TNB 0.03 mg kg d , based on the chronic toxic effects on hematology and histopathological changes in testes and kidney.

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00984109708984075

Publication date: 1997-11-20