Use of SeaWiFS imagery to detect three-dimensional distribution of suspended sediment

A remote sensing algorithm was developed to estimate the three-dimensional distribution of suspended sediment concentration in upper water layers. This algorithm used 'the gradient transition algorithm' to realize atmospheric correction while deriving depth-weighted suspended sediment concentration and penetration depth Z₉₀. From them the depth-averaged suspended sediment concentration for every layer defined by the penetration depths for all usable bands was calculated. SeaWiFS data and sea truth data were used to test the algorithm at Changjiang Estuary, Hangzhou Bay, and adjacent East China Sea. This algorithm can be used to study three-dimensional structures of the water column within the penetration depth limitation and with suspended sediment concentrations of about 10 to 100 mg l⁻¹. It provides useful information about the vertical structure of the upper layer of water column along the plume front.