IngentaConnect Antioxidants in Grapes and Grape Juices and Their Potential Healt...

Authors: Frankel E.N.; Meyer A.S.

Source: Pharmaceutical Biology (Formerly International Journal of Pharmacognosy), Volume 36, Supplement 1, Supplement 1/December 1998 , pp. 14-20(7)

Publisher: Taylor and Francis Ltd

Abstract:

Oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is considered a primary step in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Phenolic compounds in wine and grapes may, therefore, be linked to the cardioprotective effect of moderate wine consumption through their antioxidant activity. The phenolic compounds in fresh grapes and commercial grape juices may also be beneficial in the prevention of coronary heart disease as they also have strong antioxidant activity toward human LDL oxidation in vitro . This review summarizes data on the antioxidant activity of fresh table and wine grapes and commercial grape juices. The activities are discussed in reference to the phenolic compounds involved (anthocyanins, flavonols, flavan-3-ols, hydroxy-benzoates, hydroxycinnamates), their antioxidant mechanisms, and potential health effects. Extracts of fresh grapes inhibited human LDL in vitro oxidation induced by copper from 22 to 60% when standardized at 10

M gallic acid equivalents, and from 62 to 91% at 20

M gallic acid equivalents. The commercial grape juices inhibited LDL oxidation by 68 to 75% at 10

M gallic acid equivalents. These antioxidant activities were comparable to those previously found for wines. Both fresh grapes and commercial grape juices contribute, therefore, a significant source of phenolic antioxidants that, like wine, may exert beneficial physiological effects in protection against atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.

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Antioxidants in Grapes and Grape Juices and Their Potential Health Effects