Liquefaction Studies of Low-Rank Malaysian Coal Using High-Pressure High-Temperature Batch-Wise Reactor

Authors: Ishak, Mohd Azlan Mohd1; Ismail, Khudzir1; Abdullah, Mohd Fauzi1; Kadir, Mohd Omar Abdul2; Mohamed, Abdul Rahman3; Abdullah, Wan Hasiah4

Source: Coal Preparation, Volume 25, Number 4, Number 4/October-December 2005 , pp. 221-237(17)

Publisher: Taylor and Francis Ltd

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Abstract:

Direct liquefaction of low-rank Malaysian coal from the Mukah Balingian (MB) area was successfully carried out in a 1000 ml high-temperature (360–450°C) high-pressure (4–13 MPa) batch-wise reactor system using tetralin as hydrogen donor solvent. The results indicated that the percent coal conversion obtained were in the range of 31–90%. At optimum conditions of 450°C and 4 MPa, the oil + gas, asphaltene and preasphaltene of the coal extract were 80%, 7%, and 2%, respectively. It was observed that heat plays an important role in comparison to pressure in contributing to high coal conversion, oil yield, and organic properties of the residues. The high coal conversion and oil yield correlate well with the high content of reactive macerals, i.e., vitrinite and exinite, in the coal. Other parameters that were also investigated include the effect of reaction time (0–120 min) and coal-to-solvent ratio. A high yield of asphaltene and preasphaltene was obtained at the longest reaction time (i.e., 120 min). Coal conversion and oil yield increase with increasing in coal-to-solvent ratio, with the optimal ratio being 1:5.

Keywords: Coal liquefaction; Coal conversion; Oil; Asphaltene; Preasphaltene

Document Type: Research article

DOI: 10.1080/07349340500444471

Affiliations: 1: Fuel Combustion Research Laboratory, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University Technology MARA, Arau Campus, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia 2: School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia 3: School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia 4: Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

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