Authors: Kandpal, Geeta; Ram, Bali; Srivastava, Prakash Chandra

Source: Chemical Speciation and Bioavailability, Volume 16, Number 3, August 2004 , pp. 111-118(8)

Publisher: Science Reviews 2000 Ltd

Abstract:

A laboratory incubation study was conducted to examine the long-term (16 m) dynamics of transformation of Cd in soils polluted by Cd-enriched sewage sludge or cadmium chloride under field capacity (1/3 bar) and flooding moisture regimes. Cadmium transformation was investigated by determining: (i) different operationally defined chemical fractions of Cd; (ii) DTPA extractable and (iii) 1M CaCl₂ extractable Cd. Under field capacity moisture regime, Cd added through cadmium chloride transformed into NaOAc extractable and residual Cd fractions while Cd added through Cd-enriched sludge was transformed from water soluble+exchangeable fraction into the NaOAc extractable, and organically bound, fractions in all soils and also into the residual fraction in neutral soil. Under a flooding moisture regime, Cd added through cadmium chloride transformed from water soluble+exchangeable Cd fraction into the residual fraction in acidic soil and into NaOAc extractable, and residual, fractions in alkaline soil. However, in neutral soil, residual Cd fraction underwent a small decrease to cause a minor increase in the water soluble+exchangeable, and organically bound, Cd fractions. With Cd-enriched sludge as the Cd source under a flooding moisture regime, water soluble+exchangeable Cd transformed into NaOAc extractable fraction in acidic and alkaline soils but into an organically bound fraction in neutral soil. Flooding decreased DTPA, and 1M CaCl₂ extractable, Cd in soils polluted through cadmium chloride or Cdenriched sewage sludge as compared to the field capacity moisture regime.

Keywords: cadmium; chemical transformation; sewage sludge; soil moisture regimes

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/095422904782775054

Affiliations: 1: Department of Chemistry G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar-263145 Uttaranchal, India

Publication date: 2004-08-10

More about this publication?

• Chemical Speciation & Bioavailability covers a rapidly expanding area in environmental science.

  Research on the interactions between the chemical forms and behaviour of toxic compounds and their subsequent biological uptake, metabolism and ecological fate involves many scientific fields. These studies are often published in discipline-specific journals, leading to inadequate review and information scatter. This situation hinders both the development of an international community of experienced colleagues and the open flow of information and discussion. Additionally, the importance of speciation and bioavailability research to the development of pollution law and control technologies is being increasingly appreciated by environmental regulatory agencies throughout the world.

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