@article {Riley:1974:0301-2212:25, title = "FIELD INDEPENDENCE AND MEASURES OF INTELLIGENCE: SOME RECONSIDERATIONS", journal = "Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal", parent_itemid = "infobike://sbp/sbp", publishercode ="sbp", year = "1974", volume = "2", number = "1", publication date ="1974-01-01T00:00:00", pages = "25-29", itemtype = "ARTICLE", issn = "0301-2212", url = "https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/sbp/sbp/1974/00000002/00000001/art00004", doi = "doi:10.2224/sbp.1974.2.1.25", author = "Riley, Robert T. and Denmark, Florence L.", abstract = "A field study was conducted in a suburban elementary school to ascertain the relationship between the CEFT, a measure of field independence, and tests of verbal ability and general intelligence for lower-class black subjects. A correlational analysis revealed strong interrelationships between these tests contrary to the previous findings of Witkin and his associates. Grade level and sex interacted to produce different correlational structures for each condition. These results question the assertion that field independence varies independently of intelligence for all subjects regardless of age, sex, and social class.", }