@article {Galante:1988:0003-7028:559, author = "Galante, Leonard J. and Selby, Mark and Hieftje, Gary M.", title = "A Low-Power Surfatron Source for the Atomic-Emission-Spectrometric Detection of Nonmetals in Aqueous Solution", journal = "Applied Spectroscopy", volume = "42", number = "4", year = "1988", abstract = "Emission spectra in the UV-visible and near-infrared (NIR) spectral regions are presented for several nonmetals introduced as aqueous solutions by a glass-frit nebulizer. Detectability improves dramatically for some nonmetals with the use of a desolvation system to reduce the amount of water vapor entering the plasma. Detection limits for P, I, S, Cl, Br, and C are in the low- to sub-ppm range. Good precision (RSD <5%) and a dynamic range of 2-3 decades were observed for I and P. Easily ionizable elements such as K, Na, and Li can enhance nonmetal emission by as much as 30%.", pages = "559-567", url = "http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/sas/sas/1988/00000042/00000004/art00004", doi = "doi:10.1366/0003702884429265", keyword = "Emission spectrometry, Microwave-induced plasma, Surfatron, Solution nebulization, Determination of nonmetals in solution" }